句子成分71118530.doc

简单句、并列句和复合句 （一）句子种类 1、按句子的用途可分四种： 1）陈述句（肯定、否定）：He is six years old; She didn’t hear of you before. 2）疑问句（一般、特殊、选择、反意）：Do they like skating? How old is he? Is he six or seven years old? Mary can swim, can’t she? 3）祈使句：Be careful, boys; Don’t talk in class 4）感叹句：How clever he is. 2、按句子的结构可分三种： 1）简单句：只有一个主语（或并列主语）和一个谓语（或并列谓语）。 e.g. He often reads English in the morning. Tom and Mike are American boys. She likes drawing and often draws pictures for the wall newspapers. 2) 并列句是由两个或两个以上并列而又独立的简单句构成。两个简单句常由并列连接词连在一起；但有时不用连接词,只在两个简单句之间用分号。 要注意哟,逗号是不可以连接句子的,这一点和汉语不同. e.g. You help him and he helps you. The future is bright; the road is tortuous. 3）复合句：含有一个或一个以上从句的句子，但主句只有一个。复合句包含： 　形容词从句：定语从句副词从句：　状语从句 I think (that) he can do it himself. When I was a boy of six, I began to go to school. My suggestion is that we (should) start early tomorrow. He was the only one of the boys who was praised by the headmaster at the meeting. Whichever of you comes in will receive a prize. I have no idea where he has gone. The foreign visitors took a lot of pictures when they were at the Great Wall. （二）简单句的五种基本句型 1、主语+系动词+表语：e.g. He is a student.?? e.g. His words proved right.????? The dish smells wonderful.2、主语+不及物动词（+状）：e.g. We work. 3、主语+及物动词+宾语：e.g. Henry bought a dictionary. 4、主语+及物动词+间宾+直宾（间宾指人+直宾指物）： e.g. My father bought me a car. They gave me a present. ---- They gave a present to me. I’ll get you some tea. ---- I’ll get some tea for you. give, pass, tell , teach , send, write, show, bring, offer 等 sth. ? to ? sb. buy, get, fetch, build, choose, make, save 等 sth. ? for ? sb. 5、主语+及物动词+宾语+宾补： e.g. Tom made the baby laugh. We call her Lily. I find maths difficult. We asked him to come. 练习： 指出下列句子是哪种句型 They went to see a film yesterday. His father named him Duming. They painted their wall yellow. Our monitor is always the first to enter the classroom. We saw her entering the room. Let the fresh air in. 7. He has lived in the city for ten years. 8. We