中考专题复习7---动词(一).docVIP

中考专题复习（七）动词一 一．动词的定及分类 动词是表示动作或状态的词，按其词义和在句子中的作用分为4类：行动词、情态动词、连系动词、助动词。 行为动词：及物动词：后面必须接宾语，句意才完整。He bought me a book. 不及物动词：后面不带宾语，句意已经完整。We go to school everyday. 情态动词 常见的情态动词有：can/could, may/might, must, need, ought to, dare, shall/should can/ could; may/ might; must; should 1.must(必须)——needn’t(不必)/don’t have to may(可以)——mustn’t(不许；不准；不可以)/ can’t/ may not can’t be (一定不是)----must be (一定是) need(必须)---肯定回答must/have to/ ought to/ shoud 2.注意几个题： 1)—May I go with you? —No, you _________. 2)—Must I turn off the light now? —Yes, you ______/ No, you _________ 3)---Could I use your mp5? --- Of course you________. 4)---You must be Mr. Right, ___________? --- They must hand in their papers right now, ____________? 句子识记：愿上帝保佑你 May God bless you! 3.连系动词：常见的be, look, turn, get, go, become, seem, run, keep等。 助动词： 本身没有词意，不能独立做谓语，只能和主要动词连在一起构成谓语。英语动词常用的时态 时态 主动语态 被动语态 一般现在时 do/does Am/is/are+done 一般过去时 did Was/were +done 现在进行时 am/is/are +doing Am/is/are+being done 现在完成时 have/has+ done Have/has+been done 一般将来时 will/shall/be going to +do Will/shall/be going to+be done 过去进行时 was/were+doing Was/were+done 过去完成时 had + done Had+done 过去将来时 would/should/be (was,were)going to+do Would/should/be (was,were)going to +be done 含情态动词 can/may/must+do Can/may/must+be done 不能用于被动语态的词 不及物动词不能用于被动语态，因为他们没有宾语。 “to + 动词原形” 用法：动词不定式可作主语，宾语，宾语补足语，定语，状语，以及用在how, when, what, which等之后。 第1类：常见系动词用法比较 例：—What is Mum cooking in the kitchen? —Fish, I guess. How nice it_____! A. looks B. sounds C. tastes D. smells 第2类：及物动词与不及物动词的易混辨析 例：Many young men enjoy _____ the pop music. A. listen to B. 1istening to C. to 1isten to D. 1istening 第3类：arrive，get，reach表示“到达”时的用法比较 例：It was already two o’clock when I _____ London. A. arrived B. got C. reached D. came 第4类：borrow，lend，keep的用法比较 例：1.You can _____ this book for two weeks，but you must return it on time. A. borrow B. lend C. keep 2. —Can I _______your bike? —Yes．of course you can．You can____ it