鱼类组织胚胎学思考题.docVIP

一、 名词解释 1. Histology (组织学) is a science that studies the microstructure and the relationship between the structure and function of organism. 2. Embryology (胚胎学) is a science that studies the processes and the regulations of the development of organism. 3. Covering epithelia（被覆上皮） are tissues in which the cells are organized in layers that cover the external surface or line the inner surface of body cavities. 4. Mesothelium (间皮) is the simple squamous epithelium that lines the inner surface of body cavities such as thoracic, pericardial and abdominal cavities; it can facilitate movements of viscera. 5. Endothelium (内皮)is the simple squamous epithelium that lines the inner surface of blood and lymph(淋巴) vessels; it can facilitate blood flowing and transporting of materials. 6. Basal membrane (基膜) is a sheet like structure at the basal surface of epithelial cells, which is in contact with subject connective and is attached to the underlying connective tissue. 7. Endocrine glands (内分泌腺) are those whose ducts were disappeared during development and the secretions of them are picked up and transported to their site of action by the bloodstream. 8. Exocrine glands (外分泌腺) are those that retain their connection with the surface epithelium in the form of tubular ducts through which the glandular secretions pass to reach the surface. 9. Isogenous groups are (同源细胞群) several chondrocytes(软骨细胞) locate in one lacuna(软骨陷窝), which are derived from a single (same) parent cell. 10. Sacromere (肌节) is a segment of myofibril (肌原纤维) extending from one Z line to next Z line, which is composed of 1/2 I band, one A band and 1/2 I band, is the smallest structural and functional unit of myofibril. 11. Intercalated discs (闰盘) are dark stained, stairs like structures that cross cardiac muscle fiber; in fact they are the junction parts of two adjacent muscle fibers. 12. Argyrophilic fibers (嗜银纤维): Because of their affinity (亲和) for silver salts, reticular fibers can be easily stained black b