机械设计制造及其自动化-专业外语-Chapter-One-Lesson-1-Introduction-for-Materials.pptVIP

Chapter One Materials and Mechanical Elements第一章 材料和机械元素Lesson 1 Introduction for Materials第1课 材料介绍 Designers and engineers are usually more interested in the behavior of materials under load or when in a magnetic field than in why they behave as they do. Yet the better one understands the nature of materials and the reasons for their physical and mechanical properties the more quickly and wisely will he/she be able to choose the proper material for a given design. Generally, a material property is the measured magnitude of its response to d standard test performed according to a standard procedure in a given environment. In engineering materials the loads are mechanical or physical in nature and the properties are recorded in handbooks or, for new materials, are made available by die supplier. Frequently such information is tabulated for room-temperature conditions only, so when the actual service conditions are at subfreezing or elevated temperatures, more information is needed. 设计者和工程师们通常都会对在加载状态下或处于磁场中的材料的性能更感兴趣，而不关心它们为什么具有这个性能。然而，谁更能懂得材料的本质、物理和机械特性，谁就更快更精明的在给定设计条件下选择合适的材料。通常，材料性能是在给定的环境条件下按照规定的方法进行的标准试验所获得的测定值。工程材料中的载荷往往是机械的或物理的，其性能记载在手册中。对于新材料性能，可由供应商得到。通常材料的特性仅仅是在常温条件下的，所以当使用情况在冰点或在高温下时，需要更多的信息。