Dean-中英对照.doc

14. 梁和桁架 14.1 配合比 包含轧制型材（有或无盖板），钢管截面或拼合截面的梁和桁架应该根据总截面或改良的总截面的性质进行配比。无需缩小腹板或翼缘中的紧固孔，除非这些紧固孔所引起的翼缘面积的缩小超过了总翼缘面积的15%。为紧固件打其他孔的影响请参照14.3.3。 No deduction need be made for fastener holes in webs or flanges unless the reduction of flange area by such holes exceeds 15% of the gross flange area, in which case the excess shall be deducted. The effect of openings other than holes for fasteners shall be considered in accordance with Clause 14.3.3节. 14.2 翼缘 14.2.1 焊接梁的翼缘应该包括单个钢板或一系列由完全焊透的坡口焊法端-端连接起来的钢板。 14.2 Flanges 14.2.1 Flanges of welded girders should consist of a single plate or a series of plates joined end-to-end by complete penetration groove welds. 14.2.2 栓接梁的翼缘应该均匀，这样的话盖板的总截面积才不至于超过总翼缘面积的70%。 14.2.2 Flanges of bolted girders shall be proportioned so that the total cross-sectional area of cover plates does not exceed 70% of the total flange area. 14.2.3 紧固件或连接翼缘和腹板的焊缝应该均匀，以抵抗由于弯曲以及任何自翼缘传至腹板的负荷所引起的水平剪力，而不是直接承受。一般来说，紧固件或间断焊缝的间距应该与剪力的强度一致， 而且不能超过受压构件和受拉构件允许间距的最大值。请参照19节。 14.2.3 Fasteners or welds connecting flanges to webs shall be proportioned to resist horizontal shear forces due to bending combined with any loads that are transmitted from the flange to the web other than by direct bearing. Spacing of fasteners or intermittent welds in general shall be in proportion to the intensity of the shear force and shall not exceed the maximum for compression or tension members as applicable, in accordance with Clause 19. 14.2.4 部分长度的翼缘盖板应该超出理论切割点，而且超出的部分应该与足够多的紧固件或焊缝相连，以此于理论切割点在盖板中产生一个力，这个力不应小于 其中 =盖板中产生的力 =盖板面积 =理论切割点的设计极限荷载引起的力矩 =从盖板的形心到盖板截面的中性轴的距离 =盖板截面的惯性矩 14.2.4 Partial-length flange cover plates shall be extended beyond the theoretical cut-off point, and the extended portion shall be connected with sufficient fasteners or welds to develop a force in the cover plate at the theoretical cut-off point not less than where = required force to be developed in cover plate = area of cover plate = moment due to factored loads at theoretical cut-o