全部倒装completeinversion.doc

全部倒装complete inversion 谓语(predicate)^主语(subject) e.g. How goes the time? 几点钟了？ 部分倒装 partial inversion 助动词(auxiliary verb)^主语(subject) e.g. Seldom have we felt as comfortable as here. 我们难得像在这里这么舒服。 ? 1.全部倒装 全部倒装是只将句子中的谓语动词全部置于主语之前。此结构通常只用与一般现在时和一般过去时。常见的结构有： 1) here, there, now, then, thus等副词置于句首, 谓语动词常用be, come, go, lie, run等表示来去或运动状态的动词。　　There goes the bell.　　Then came the chairman.　　Here is your letter ? 2) 表示运动方向的副词或地点状语置于句首，谓语表示运动的动词。 Then came the order to take off. 那时，出发的命令来了。 On the left is the river.左边是那条河。 比较 There he comes. 他来了。 Here they are. 他们在这儿。 当主语是人称代词(personal pronoun)时，则不能完全倒装。 ? 2.部分倒装 ? 部分倒装是指将谓语的一部分如助动词(auxiliary verb)或情态动词(modal verb)倒装至主语之前。 如果句中的谓语没有助动词或情态动词，则需添加助动词do, does或did，并将其置于主语之前。? 1)　句首为否定或半否定的词语，如no, not, never, seldom, little, hardly, at no time, in no way, not until… Never have I seen such a performance. Nowhere will you find the answer to this question. Not until the child fell asleep did the mother leave the room.Not until引出主从复合句，主句(main clause)倒装，从句(subordinate clause)不v 倒装。? 注意： 如否定词不在句首不倒装。I have never seen such a performance. The mother didnt leave the room until the child fell asleep. ? 1)　—Why can‘t I smoke here?　　—At no time___ in the meeting-room.A. is smoking permitted　　 B. smoking is permittedC. smoking is it permitted　 D. does smoking permit 答案A. 这是一个倒装问题。当否定词语置于句首以表示强调时，其句中的主谓须用倒装结构。 这些否定词包括no, little, hardly, seldom, never, not only, not until等。 本题的正常语序是 Smoking is permitted in the meeting-room at no time. ? 2） Not until the early years of the 19th century ___ what heat is.A. man did know　 B. man know　 C. didn‘t man know D. did man know 答案D.　 看到Not until…的句型，我们知道为一倒装句，答案在C，D 中选一个。 改写为正常语序为，Man did not know what heat is until the early years of the 19th. 现在将not提前，后面就不能再用否定了,否则意思就变了。 ? 2）一些固定结构位于句首要部分倒装 如 Not only…but also, Hardly/Scarcely…when, No sooner… than Not only did he refuse the gift, but also he severely criticized the