交通运输专业英语课件(Automatic Transmissions).ppt

Automatic transmissions contain mechanical systems, hydraulic systems, electrical systems and computer controls, all working together in perfect harmony which goes virtually unnoticed until there is a problem.自动变速器包括机械系统、液压系统、电子系统和计算机控制系统，所有这些系统非常和谐地一起毫无察觉地工作，除非出现问题。 The modern automatic transmission consists of many components and systems that are designed to work together in a symphony of clever mechanical, hydraulic and electrical technology that has evolved over the years into what many mechanically inclined individuals consider to be an art form. 现代自动变速器由许多部件和系统组成，它们被设计成智能化的机械、液压和电子系统中协调工作，而且经过许多年的发展，许多热衷于机械的人认为该系统已经发展为艺术品。 One example of the way that this system can be used is by connecting the ring gear to the input shaft coming from the engine, connecting the planet carrier to the output shaft, and locking the sun gear so that it can’t move. 使用该系统的一个例子是结合齿圈与发动机的输入轴，接合行星支座与输出轴，并锁止太阳齿轮使之不能转动。 The other half have a friction material bonded to their surface and have splines on the inside edge that fit groves on the outer surface of the adjoining hub. 另外一半的表面上粘贴有摩擦材料，并在内边缘用花键与相邻轴套外表面上的键槽相连接。 It is that to allow the engine to continue running when the vehicle comes to a stop. 正是它允许当车辆停止时发动机继续运行。 The difference with a torque converter is that instead of using air, it uses oil or transmission fluid, to be more precise. 变矩器的不同在于它不是使用空气，而是使用油或者变速器油使之更为精确。 As the speed of the turbine catches up with the pump, the fluid starts hitting the stator blades on the backside causing the stator to turn in the same direction as the pump and turbine. 在涡轮速度赶上泵的过程中， 油液开始击打后端的定子叶片，使得定子以与泵和涡轮相同的方向旋转。 This is not unlike the human circulatory system where even a few minutes of operation when there is a lack of pressure can be harmful or even fatal to the life of the transmission. 就像人工循环系统那样， 在运转中即使只是几分钟的压力不足也可能是有害的，甚至会使变速器报废。 Since the torque converter housing is directly connected to the engine crankshaft, the pump will produce pressure whenever the engine is running as lo