(精选)金融法(双语)第二章 中央银行法律制度课件.pptx

第二章 中央银行法律制度一、中央银行的组织机构二、中央银行的业务第二章 中央银行法律制度一、中央银行的组织机构1. 中国人民银行法律依据：《中国人民银行法》机构性质：政府机构、独立性、对全国人大负责组织结构： 领导机构 咨询机构 总行内设机构 分支机构（垂直领导体制） 其它机构第二章 中央银行法律制度一、中央银行的组织机构2. 美国联邦储备系统（federal reserve system）Legal basis: Federal Reserve Act of 1913De facto central bank: not a single bank but a system; privately owned (1) Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (2) Federal Open Market Committee (3) Federal reserve bank and its member banks (4) Consumer Financial Protection Bureau第二章 中央银行法律制度一、中央银行的组织机构3. 案例Federal Reserve Act of 1913 (1) Federal Reserve Districts determination of Federal Reserve cities and Federal Reserve districts; national bank shall become a member bank of the Federal Reserve System by subscribing and paying for stock in the Federal Reserve bank of its district; the shareholders of every Federal reserve bank shall be held individually responsible, equally and ratably, and not one for another, for all contracts, debts, and engagements of such bank (2) Federal Reserve Banks one Federal reserve bank organized for one Federal Reserve districts; a corporate body with general corporate powers; to commence business only upon authorized by Comptroller of the Currency第二章 中央银行法律制度一、中央银行的组织机构3. 案例Federal Reserve Act of 1913 (3) Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System The Board shall be composed of seven members, to be appointed by the President, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate; The Board shall have power to levy semiannually upon the Federal reserve banks, in proportion to their capital stock and surplus, an assessment sufficient to pay its estimated expenses and the salaries of its members and employees; No member of the Board shall be an officer or director of any bank, banking institution, trust company, or Federal Reserve bank or hold stock in any bank, banking institution, or trust company.第二章 中央银行法律制度三、案例American Bank Trust Co. v. Federal Reserve Bank of AtlantaFacts- (1) The plaintiffs are not members of the F