2018届高三复习英语句子成分%26基本句型课件（共43张）.ppt

句 子 成 分 Members of a Sentence 词类 作 用 例 词 1.名词（n.） 表示人或事物的名称。 I bought a book . She is a student. 2.代词 (pron.） 代替名词、数词等。 This is my friend. He likes that book because　it is very useful to him. Parts of Speach 3.形容词(adj) 表示人或事物的特征或性状。 He is small but he is clever. The red pen is useful for the teacher. He painted the wall white yesterday. 4.数词(num.） 表示数目或顺序。 There are ten apples on the table and I will take the first one. 5.动词（v.） 表示动作或状态。 We are working hard at English. I want to become an engineer. 6.副 词 （adv.） 表示动作的特征或性状特征。 I like English very much. The teacher treats us kindly . The train goes fast. He seldom comes to see us. 7.介 词(prep.） 表示名词、代词和其他词之间的关系。 He usually stay at home on Sundays. 8.连词（conj.） 连接词与词或句与句的作用。 He and I are in the same class and we are good friends. Two or three of us can dance well but I can’t . 9.感叹词(interj.） 表示强烈的感情 Oh ! How beautiful the scene is! What a good idea! Goodness ! 10.冠词 （art.） 用来限制名词的意义 I have a pet dog . The dog is very lovely. He is an old man but very strong. *句子成分由词或词组充当 英语的基本成分有八种： ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ________________、__同位语_ 主语(subject)、 谓语(predicate)、 表语(predicative)、 宾语(object)、 定语(attribute)、 状语(adverbial) 补语(complement) 英语的句子结构 简单句 并列句 复合句 几个简单句用分号或并列连词连接起来: 简单句＋并列连词＋简单句 只包含一个主谓结构， 句子中有一个或一个以上的从句，构成主从复合句: 主句＋连词＋从句 简单句的五种基本句型. 掌握这五种基本句型, 是掌握各种英语句子结构的基础。 一: 主＋谓 二: 主＋系＋表 三: 主＋谓＋宾 四: 主＋谓＋间宾＋直宾 五: 主＋谓＋宾＋宾补 The sun rose. He is my friend. Two will be enough. Smoking is very dangerous. To see is to believe. What he said is true. The black were fighting for their rights. 主语可以用以下这些词表示： 1. 名词；2. 代词； 3. 数词；4. 动名词；5. 不定式；6.从句；7. 名词化的其他词类。 句子成分的构成 一、主语 1. The boss made the workers work long hours. 谓语 2. He practises playing the piano every day. 3. They had finished the job when the boss came. 4. She is working. 5. He didn’t turn to me for help. *在英语简单句中，只能有而且（一般情况下） 必须有一个谓语部分！谓