(精选)英美短篇小 说Unit 19 Gimpel the Fool课件.pptVIP

Unit 19 Gimpel the Fool;About the Author;About the Author;Family Background;二.Works;Singer published at least 18 novels, 14 childrens books, a number of memoirs, essays and articles. He is best known as a writer of short stories, which have been published in more than a dozen collections. Throughout the 1960s, Singer continued to write on questions of personal morality. Because of the controversial aspects of his plots, he was a target of scathing criticism from many quarters, some of it for not being moral enough, some for writing stories that no one wanted to hear. To his critics he replied, Literature must spring from the past, from the love of the uniform force that wrote it, and not from the uncertainty of the future.;Background Informations;Elements of Gimpel the Fool;Characters;Elka Elka, who is known as the town prostitute, marries Gimpel when he agrees to get the town to take up a collection to raise a dowry for her. She is five months pregnant by another man when they are married, but she tells Gimpel the child is his and, when it arrives four months after their marriage, that it is simply premature. Throughout the story Elka commits numerous infidelities and eventually has ten children, none of whom are Gimpels. On her deathbed she admits her infidelities to her husband and asks him to forgive her.;;Setting;plot summary;Point of view;Symbols;Theme;About the language;e.g. “black”在文中共出现五次： 1.当吉姆佩尔和艾尔卡举行结婚仪式，听到会堂司事的老婆说艾尔卡“又是寡妇的，又是离过婚的。”时，“此时此刻，我痛苦极了。” 2.当吉姆佩尔夜晚回家发现艾尔卡在和别人睡觉，“事情糟透了。” 3.发现艾尔卡和小学徒睡觉，“一片漆黑。” 4.当艾尔卡死后被打入地狱、为所有的罪行接受惩罚时，“我瞧她的脸， 全是黑的。” 5.吉姆佩尔告诉孩子们说“她变黑了，可怜的人儿。”;按照《新牛津英汉双解大辞典》（上海外语教育出版社，2007年版）解释，“black”这个词可指形势毫无希望、悲观的；也可指一个人的心情忧郁、沮丧和悲凉的；还可指罪恶的、邪恶的。 照此来分析，前三个“black”是用来描述吉姆佩尔忧郁、沮丧和悲凉心情的；和“black”搭配的三个词分别是“moment”，“suddenly”和“utterly”，这三个词依次递进地刻画了吉姆佩尔失望、沮丧的程度越来越深，以至到后来他对一切采取听之任之的态度，因为他的心已经死了，“哀莫大于心死”。 第四个“black”是“罪恶；邪恶”的意思。“黄凌认为，从具有总结性的棱镜来看，其实辛格真正信奉的是善有善报，恶有恶报。”艾尔卡生前不守妇道，坏事做尽，辛格就安排她进地狱接受惩罚，所以她的脸是“罪恶的”，因为她在赎罪。 最后一个“black”也可指艾尔卡“心情阴郁”，因为艾尔卡在赎完罪后，幡然醒