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Java编程入门-英语教材
Lecture 3 – Programming 2
Object Oriented Programming
In Week 2 we covered
Methods
arguments, parameters
return
void
activation stack / object heap
accessing members via dot operator ( . )
This Week
Constructs
if, switch
for, while
Class development
Constructors
Get/Set methods
Access specification
Next couple of weeks . . .
Inheritance
Dynamic binding
Abstract classes/methods
Polymorphism
Lecture Test ! ! !
New functionality
Our program currently processes a Square, then a Rectangle and then a Circle.
Let’s modify it so that the user can indicate which shape he or she wants to work with.
The new program will ask the user to enter
1 - for a Square
2 - for a Rectangle
3 - for a Circle
If Statement
Like Python, Java has an if statement
The if statement allows a choice between different execution paths
It checks a boolean conditional expression (true/false)
If the expression is true
The if path is followed
If the expression is false
The else path (if it exists) is followed
Unlike Python there is no elif keyword
We can use else if however
The modified main method
System.out.print (Enter 1 for Square, 2 for Rectangle, 3 for Circle: );
int choice = scan.nextInt( );
if (choice == 1)
processSquare (scan);
else if (choice == 2)
processRectangle (scan);
else if (choice == 3)
processCircle (scan);
else
System.out.println (Wrong number );
Notes
When we run the above program only one shape will be processed – not 3
The shape processed will be determined by the user – by entering 1, 2 or 3
If the user enters something other than 1, 2 or 3 the program will give an error message
More than one statement
If the program is required to execute more than one statement on any particular path, they need to be enclosed in braces { }
if (choice == 1) {
System.out.println (“You have chosen 1”);
processSquare ( );
}
If the braces are omitted only the first statement will belong to the if
processSquare will be called no matter what value choice has
Another method - ifT
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