英美文学史复习要点.doc

英国文学 Charles Dickens查理·狄更斯 Oliver Twist雾都孤儿(first true novel);Hard Times艰难时刻;A Tale of Two Cities双城记;Great Expectations远大前程;Pickwick Papers匹克威克外传;David Copperfield大卫科波菲尔;Bleak House荒凉山庄 Thomas Hardy托马斯·哈代 Under the Greenwood Tree在绿荫下;Far from the Madding Crowd远离尘嚣;The Return of the Native还乡;The Mayor of Casterbridge卡斯特乔市长;Jude the Obscure无名的裘德;A Pure Women诱奸 美国文学 Part 1. The Literature of Colonial America殖民时期文学 Puritanism对美国文学最有影响力的一种文学形式 The American puritans: a group of serious, religious idealists, advocating highly religious and moral principles. They made it their chief business to see that man lived and thought and acted in a way which tended to the glory of God. Basic Puritan Beliefs:①total depravity (concept of Original Sin)②unconditional election(concept of predestination)③limited atonement④irresistible grace⑤Perseverance of the saints Part 2. National Literature民族文学(启蒙文学) Benjamin Franklin本杰明?富兰克林 The Autobiography自传 Thomas Paine托马斯?潘恩(爱国主义作家) Common Sense常识;The American Crisis美国危机 Thomas Jefferson(在其主持领导下，通过了独立宣言) The Declaration of Independence独立宣言 Part 3.Romanticism (stretches from the end of the eighteenth century through the outbreak of the civil war) 早期浪漫主义作家①Washington Irving华盛顿?欧文 幽默大师、散文大师 A History of New York纽约外史——美国人写的第一部诙谐文学杰作;The Sketch Book见闻札记;Rip Van Wrinkle瑞普·凡·温克尔;The Legend of Sleepy Hollow睡谷的传说——使之成为美国第一个获得国际声誉的作家 ②James Fenimore Cooper詹姆斯?费尼莫尔?库珀(关注西进运动) Leatherstocking Tales皮袜子故事集(5部长篇小说：The Deerslayer杀鹿人; The Last of Mohicans最后的莫希干人; The Pathfinder探路者; The Pioneer拓荒者; The Prairie平原) ③William Cullen Bryant布莱恩特 Thanatopsis死亡随想;To a Waterfowl;致水鸟(被Matthew Arnold誉为英国语言中最完美的一首短诗) Transcendentalism①oversoul超灵②believe firmly in democracy, and insisted on an intense individualism③nature Transcendentalism is a philosophical movement that developed in the 1830s and 1840s in the New England region of the United States as a protest to the general state of culture and society. ①They believe the inherent goodness of both man and nature. ②They bel