糖尿病患者的饮食护精选.docVIP

编号： 糖尿病患者的饮食护 目 录 摘要·····················································································1 前言·····················································································2 1.饮食治疗的目的和意义····················································3 2.糖尿病患者的饮食分配····················································4 3.糖尿病患者的饮食改变····················································4 4.糖尿病患者的饮食护理措施·············································5 5.食物血糖生成指数····························································6 6.糖尿病肾病·······································································9 参考文献·············································································12 【摘要】 糖尿病已经成为继肿瘤、心血管病变之后第三大严重威胁人类健康的慢性疾病。控制血糖是医疗与护理的基本出发点，也是最终目的，只有这样才能阻止糖尿病的病理进程与合并症的发生。让患者合理控制饮食，从而达到良好的控制病情、提高生活质量、延长生命、保证正常生活及工作的治疗目的。护士必须全面了解糖尿病，才能对患者进行健康指导，提高患者的生活质量。 【关键词】糖尿病；饮食护理 【Abstract】Diabetes has become the tumor, cardiovascular lesions after third serious threat to human health, chronic disease. Medical and nursing care of blood glucose control is the basic starting point, and the ultimate goal, the only way to stop the pathology of diabetes process and occurrence of comorbidity. Let patients rational diet control, so as to achieve good control of the disease, improve life quality, prolong life, ensure the normal life and work for therapeutic purposes. Nurses must have a comprehensive understanding of diabetes, in order to instruct patients, improve the quality of life of patients. 【Key words】 Diabetes mellitus; diet nursing 糖尿病患者的饮食护理 随着生活水平的提高，糖尿病的患病率急剧升高，糖尿病及其并发症已经成为威胁人类健康和消耗健康资源的主要慢性疾病之一。遗传背景和环境因素是导致糖尿病的重要原因。其中，环境因素即食物供应的极大丰富和静态的生活方式，在糖尿病的发生中起到了不可忽视的作用。糖尿病患者中，绝大多数患2型糖尿病，目前尚无治愈的办法。长期、良好的血糖控制是预防并发症、延长寿命和提高生活质量的有效手段。为了将血糖控制在稳定的水平，饮食治疗是必不可少的治疗方法之一，也是糖尿病教育的重要内容。 1.饮食治疗的目的和意义 （1）纠正代谢紊乱，使血糖、血脂达到或接近正常值并消除症状 （2）维持正常体重，肥胖者减少热量摄入，使体重下降以改善细胞对胰岛素的敏感性，消瘦者提高热量摄入，使体重增加，以增强体力和对各种疾病的抵抗力。 （3）减轻胰岛B细胞的负担，使血糖、尿糖、血脂达到或接近正常值，延缓心血管并发症的发生与发展。 （4