单片机本科毕业设计.doc

摘 要 我国当前煤炭能源的开采和利用一直占到重要地位,在相当长时期内仍将是我国的主要能源。当前,在煤炭开采过程中,多种灾害事故时有发生；在特大事故中绝大多数是由于瓦斯爆炸,约占特大事故总数的70%左右。出于预防并且减少事故的发生这一目的,煤矿瓦斯监测系统对瓦斯开采进行监测报警,以确保煤矿的安全生产。 人们普遍认为,煤矿企业属于高危险行业,发生事故是必然的,不发生事故是偶然的。如果我们在工作中处处按照标准、规程作业,把事故降低到最低甚至是实现零事故。实践中,人们利用火花实验装置,通过实验确定对不同危险类别气体的电能量限制参数。国际标准和中国国家标准中给出的常用电能量引爆曲线有电压电流引爆曲线、电压电容引爆曲线和电流电感引爆曲线等。根据这些曲线,再参考1.5倍的保险系数,人们便可以确定在涉及某类气体时,对指定回路的电能量限制参数。例如,涉及IIC类气体(如氢气)时,对标准24VDC供电的回路(如变送气,电气转换器,电磁阀等)通常设定限压值为28V。依此限压值查电压电流引爆曲线,并考虑1.5倍的保险系数,可确定此时的限流值,可确定此时的限流值应为119mA。依28V限压值并考虑1.5倍的保险系数后查电压电容引爆曲线,可确定回路电容值应限制在0.13μF。依119mA限流值并考虑1.5倍的保险系数后查电流电感引爆曲线,可确定回路电感值应限制在2.55mH。基于51系列单片机的瓦斯浓度监测系统,可以设置瓦斯浓度上限,当浓度超过上限蜂鸣器报警,达到预防事故的目的；还添加了时间显示的功能,时间参数可调。 关键词：瓦斯监测,煤矿,报警 Abstract Chinas current coal mining and utilization of energy has been accounted for an important position in the long term will remain the major energy source in China.Currently, in the coal mining process, a variety of disasters and accidents occur; in the vast majority of serious accidents due to gas explosion, about 70% of the total number of serious accidents around.For the prevention and reduction of accidents that end, coal mine gas monitoring system for monitoring alarm gas exploitation to ensure the safety of coal production. People generally believe that coal companies are high-risk industries, the incident was inevitable, not the incident was accidental.If we are at work everywhere in accordance with the standard operating procedures, the incidents to a minimum or even zero accidents.In practice, people use spark experimental apparatus, through experiments on the different risk categories of restrictions on parameters of electric energy gases.Chinas national standards with international standards and given the common curve of electric energy detonating detonation curves of voltage and current, voltage and current curves of inductance capacitance detonated detonated curve.According to these curves, and then refer to the insurance factor of 1.5 times, people will determine in relation to