土壤风蚀动力学.pptVIP

* * （北京师范大学 中国沙漠研究中心） 影响因子综合分析 人为因子 自然因子 翻耕、放牧、樵采、 践踏等 风况、植被、 土壤特性、土 壤水分、盐类、 有机质等 田块宽度 风蚀量 一、影响地表风蚀的因素 Table 1 Influences of surface regimes on roughness surface newly reclaimed sandy withered turn-green regime waste land cultivated grassland wheat field vegetation cover (%) 5 5-10 30.5 36 Roughness (cm) 1.2 1.4 5.2 4.2 Acting force of Soil wind erosion internal force gravity attractive force water-film adsorption force biological cohesive force static attractive force gravitation external force wind force impact force windward drag lift force Illustration of the factors affecting surface wind erosion mg F1 h wind direction B C A α O L O1 Particle superimposition ways on dry shifting sand surface wind force F1 must do work to overcome the translation, rotation and lifting motion: the threshold velocity (Ut) : the moments caused by F1 and mg are at least equal: C ) β F1 F B Fc Fμc Fb wind direction impact direction Fμb A mg Force analysis of soil surface particles the critical condition for the movement of particle A is that horizontal moment equals to vertical moment: = 0 This is the reason why the natural soil is not prone to wind erosion compared to shifting sand. wind direction B C D A The positions of particles 四、风蚀的真正原因 U ＝KZ－Z0 wind velocity (U) changing with height is assumed linear: the resultant velocity of the falling particle U1 is: * * * * *