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Intercultural Communication “Culture General” and “Culture …跨文化交际文化”一般的“和”文化…
Cultural Values Intercultural Communication—COM 372 John R. Baldwin Department of Communication Illinois State University jrbaldw@ But first…Some review History of ICC: The Beginnings (Leeds-Hurwitz, 1990) The Foreign Service Institute E.T. Hall and others Linguistics and Anthropology Influences of E.T. Hall From single culture ? interaction From general study ? practical specifics From anthropology ? communication tips Comm as patterned, learned, analyzable Aspects of training: From foreign service to broader audience That is, the original focus was: _________ History of ICC: By Decade 1940s-1950s: Birth of ICC 1960s: Silence 1970s: Research (atheoretical) 1980s: Theory (1983, 1988, 1995, 2005) 1990s: Debate, diversity, disintegration? 2000s: Expanded envelopes Q: Which are more scientific, humanistic, or critical? Q: Which represents the field today? Dr. William Gudykunst Cultural Filters: Rules Stuff Rules: A prescription for what we can, cannot, should or should not do, but without a moral component. (If you violate this, you’re weird) Norms: A prescription with a moral component: If you do this, you’re bad. Mores: // Norms Taboos: A very strong norm Laws: A norm that is strong enough to be “codified” by legal sanction Values: Something an individual or group holds to be important Beliefs: A mental construct that links two ideas together (e.g., Beyoncé // good singer; world // mostly round) Attitudes: Disposition to react toward something in a certain way (e.g., like/dislike) Worldview: A specific set of beliefs pertaining to the relationship between humans and larger elements around them (nature, divinity, etc.) Ways to Study Values Emic Studies behavior from within system Examines only one culture Structure discovered by analyst Criteria relative to internal characteristics “Cultural” Communication Etic Studies behavior from outside of system Examines many cultures (comparing) Structure created by analyst Criteria considered absolute, universal Cr
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