光伏电池simulink仿真.doc

摘 要 太阳能作为一种新兴的绿色能源，以其取之不竭、用之不尽、无污染等优点，受到人们越来越多的重视。光伏发电是充分利用太阳能的一种有效方式之一。由于目前光伏电池板的价格比较高，转换效率比较低，为了降低系统造价和有效地利用太阳能，该论文光伏发电进行最大功率跟踪显得尤为必要。本文针对如何提高太阳能光伏发电系统的转换效率，从建模仿真方面对具有最大功率点跟踪的控制器进行了研究，提出了一种新的最大功率点跟踪方案。 本文主要任务如下： 首先，本文介绍了论文的相关研究背景、选题意义、以及论文的主要工作。 其次，分析了太阳能电池板的工作原理，利用MATLAB/simulink模块对不同环境及不同日照强度下的太阳能电池输出特性进行了建模、仿真。 再次，介绍并分析了最大功率点跟踪原理，以及常用的几种跟踪方法。介绍了三种常用的DC/DC变换器的工作原理。 紧接着，对干扰观察法和电导增量法进行了建模和仿真，针对电导增量法提出了一种适合车用的改进方案。仿真结果表明新的方案在一定条件下可以显著减小最大功率跟踪系统响应时间。 而后，用CATIA软件对第一代太阳能车进行了设计，建立了蓄电池驱动电机和蓄电池充电系统电路。 最后，针对充电系统的电流、电压开发了一个简单的检测分析软件。 关键词： 太阳能 ；最大功率跟踪 ； MATLAB仿真 ； DC/DC变换器 Abstract Solar power is a new green power. It is regarded as clean, pollution-free, and inexhaustible. Photovoltaic conversion is an effective way to use solar power. Because the price of photovoltaic cell is expensive and conversion efficiency is low presently, the Maximum Power Point Tracking is absolutely necessary, in order to decrease system cost and increase efficiency. Aims at how to increase the efficiency of conversion for the photovoltaic energy system, this paper researches the solar controller with maximum power point tracking (MPPT) and presents a novel MPPT method from the simulation. The main work of this paper is as follows: First, introduces the background, significance, work. Second, analyzing the principle of the solar panel and using the MATLAB software to build the simulation of the output characteristic for the solar cell under different temperature and isolation. Third, introduces the MPPT principle, comparing several common MPPT methods and find out their advantage and disadvantage. Then analysis three DC/DC converters’ principles. Forth, using the MATLAB software simulink toolbox to build the simulation of the Perturbation And Observation method, Incremental Conductance method and improved the Incremental Conductance method. The result of the simulation demonstrates that the new strategy can reduce the responding time of the system. Fifth，using the CATIA software to build th