聊城市耕地土壤中有机氯农药残留及其分布特征.doc

目 录 前 言 1 1研究区域概况 1 2分析与评价方法 2 2.1 样品的采集与测定 2 2.1.1 布点与采样 2 2.1.2 监测项目 2 2.1.3 样品预处理与测定 3 3结果与讨论 3 3.1 土壤中有机氯农药含量 3 3.2 不同县市OCPs残留特征 5 3.3 主成分分析 6 3.4 空间分布 8 结论 10 参考文献 12 致 谢 13 摘 要 选取聊城市为研究区域，对该市土壤进行了系统采样分析，测定了136个表层土壤样品中的13种有机氯农药的含量。利用GIS研究了13种有机氯农药的残留状况及空间分布情况。结果表明，13种有机氯农药在136个土壤样品中均有不同程度的检出，其中p,p-DDE检出率最高，达92.65%。DDTs、BHCs和六氯苯残留较普遍， DDTs残留量为128.75μg﹒kg-1，已超过国家土壤环境质量一级标准，而其他6种有机氯农药未达到污染水平。主成分分析显示13种有机氯农药可以由6个主成分反映，分别对应于DDTs的使用、农药的使用习惯、BHCs的使用以及当地病虫害特点等。采用克里格插值法对有机氯农药在研究区的空间分布进行了研究，结果表明不同有机氯农药在研究区的分布存在较大差异。 关键词：聊城市；耕地土壤；有机氯农药；主成分分析；空间分布 Abstract Liaocheng selected as the study area, the city conducted a systematic sampling of soil analysis, 136 were determined in 13 surface soil samples of the content of organochlorine pesticides. Study using GIS, 13 organochlorine pesticide residues in position and spatial distribution. The results showed that, 13 organochlorine pesticides in 136 soil samples were detected in varying degrees, in which P, P-DDE detected in the highest, reaching 92.65%. DDTs, BHCs and Hexachlorobenzene more common, DDTs residue was 128.75μg. kg-1, has exceeded the national standard of soil environmental quality level, while the other 6 kinds of organochlorine pesticides does not meet the pollution levels. Principal component analysis showed that 13 kinds of organochlorine pesticides can be reflected by the six principal components, corresponding to the use of DDTs, pesticides usage, BHCs in the use and characteristics of local pests and diseases. Kriging interpolation used organochlorine pesticides in the study of spatial distribution were studied, the results showed that different organochlorine pesticides in the distribution of the study area there is a big difference. Key words：Liaocheng city; Cultivated soil;Organochlorine pesticides; Principal component analysis; Spatial distribution 聊城市耕地土壤中有机氯农药残留及其 分布特征 前 言 有机氯农药(OCPs)是用于防治植物病、虫害的组成成分中含有有机氯元素的有机化合物。主要分为以苯为原料和以环戊二烯为原料的两大类。OCPs具有毒性、亲脂性和半挥发性等特点，是典型的化学性质稳定的持久性有机污染物(POPs)。鉴于滴滴涕(DDTs) 和