直译和意译 英语翻译相关.pptVIP

(一)Literal translation, free translation 1） Literal translation直译 直译(Literal translation)指不仅忠实于原文内容,而且忠实于原文形式的翻译方法. 第一位：忠于原文内容； 第二位：忠于原文形式要求在保持原文内容的前提下，力求使译文与原文在选词用字、句法结构、形象比喻及风格特征等方面尽可能趋同(无限接近)。 第三位：通顺的译文形式。 汉译英: 感：sense 责任感，安全感，自卑感，优越感， A sense of responsibility , A sense of safety, A sense of inferiority, A sense of superiority, 节奏感，正义感，羞耻感，幽默感， A sense of rhythm, A sense of justice, A sense of shame, A sense of humor, 无助感，方向感，紧迫感，归属感 A sense of hopelessness, A sense of direction, A sense of urgency, A sense of belonging 2） Features of Literal translation A. to be faithful to the original ideological content. A literal translator makes great efforts to transplant the original word order, sentence structure, etc, in the TL（target language ）. B. be faithful to the form of the original work; It is of less importance for translators to maintain a smooth TL form; 鲁迅： rather to be faithful (in thought) than smooth (in language).宁信而不顺 【赵景琛：rather to be smooth (in language) than faithful (in thought).宁顺而不信】 注意 1) A qualified translation must be not only faithful in thought but smooth in language, which is a basic demand of a translator. 2) literal translation word-for-word translation 3) literal translation dead translation 3）When should we depend on 直译法 ? （1） Common civilization core, 某些习语和短语的翻译 ,例如： cold war 冷战 hot line 热线 hot girls in cool suit, spicy girl 辣妹 Hot-selling books 热销书/畅销书 black market 黑市 pillar industry 支柱产业 Blood is thicker than water. 血浓于水 （2）含义广为流传，读者较为熟悉的短语、习语等,直译可以丰富译语语言。例如： 1) He walked at the head of the funeral procession, and every now and then wiped his crocodile tears with a big handkerchief. 他走在送葬队伍的前头，还不时用一条大手绢抹去那鳄鱼的眼泪。 2) The Senate Foreign Relations Committee today extended the olive branch to the Clinton Government by pleading for cooperation in developing foreign policy. 参议院外交委员会今天向克林顿政府伸出了橄榄枝，要求在发展外交政策上合作。 3) In the court action, Alain sprang his trump card by calling a surprise witness. 在法庭诉讼中，阿兰突然打出了他的王牌—— 请出一位意想不到的证人