AP_环境科学_Environmental Science - A Global Concern (10th Edition)-41-80.pdf

the Forest Service out of the corruption-filled Interior Depart- ment into the Department of Agriculture. Pinchot, who was the first native-born professional forester in North America, became the founding head of this new agency. He put resource manage- ment on an honest, rational, and scientific basis for the first time in our history. Together with naturalists and activists such as John Muir, William Brewster, and George Bird Grinnell, Roosevelt and Pinchot established the framework of our national forest, park, and wildlife refuge systems, passed game protec- tion laws, and tried to stop some of the most flagrant abuses of the public domain. In 1908, Pinchot organized and chaired the White House Conference on Natural Resources, perhaps the most prestigious and influential environmental meeting ever held in the United States. The basis of Roosevelt’s and Pinchot’s policies was prag- matic utilitarian conservation. They argued that the forests FIGURE 1.4 Aldo Leopold ’s Wisconsin shack, the main location should be saved “not because they are beautiful or because they for his Sand County Almanac, in which he wrote, “A thing is right when shelter wild creatures of the wilderness, but only to provide it tends to preserve the integrity, stability, and beauty of the biotic com- munity. It is wrong when it tends otherwise.” How might you apply this homes and jobs for people.” Resources should be used “for the to your life? greatest good, for the greatest number for the longest time.” “There has been a fundamental misconception,” Pinchot said, “that conservation means nothing