第二三讲地质统计学数理基础及基本术语课件(1700KB).ppt

* excavate 1. 挖掘 2. 开掘 3. 开凿 4. 挖 5. 掘开的 * excavate 1. 挖掘 2. 开掘 3. 开凿 4. 挖 5. 掘开的 * excavate 1. 挖掘 2. 开掘 3. 开凿 4. 挖 5. 掘开的 * first derivative 1. 一次导数 2. 一阶导数 3. 一阶微商 * Priori 1. 先验 2. 先验的 pay zones 产油带 preferential优先的 * mutually exclusive互不相容的 * mutually exclusive互不相容的 * mutually exclusive互不相容的 * mutually exclusive互不相容的 * mutually exclusive互不相容的 * mutually exclusive互不相容的 2、总体与样本数字特征 1、算术平均值 2、几何平均值 3、众数：对应于最大频数值的组中值，记为M纵 4、中位数：样本值按从大到小的顺序排列后，居于中间位置的样品 值，记为M中位 5、方差： 6、变异系数 7、极差 8、协方差 9、相关系数 五 有关地质统计学的基本术语 1)Statistics Statistics is the science of collecting, processing, analyzing and interpreting numerical data. Statistics dilutes numerical information to provide (sometimes) clearer insights into a population. 2) Geostatistics Geostatistics originally started as the study of phenomenon that vary in space， but the science has evolved as a suite of mathematical tools for application to many other earth science problems. The strength of Geostatistics is its stochastic approach to numerical modeling. Geostatistics, unlike statistics, focuses on natural phenomena which are correlated in space. Typical features of importance are spatial continuity (or variability), spatial anisotropy, and trends. 五 有关地质统计学的基本术语 3) Variable A variable is a symbol which can take any one of a prescribed set of values. A variable that can assume any real number value is called a continuous variable (often denoted z in geostatistical jargon); any variable that can only assume an integer value is called a discrete or categorical variable. When a variable is distributed in space it is called a regionalized variable. 五 有关地质统计学的基本术语 五 有关地质统计学的基本术语 4) Mean or Expected Value The mean, or Expected Value, is the weighted average of a random variable (or sample data), where the weights represent the probability of occurrence of each sample. If the sampling technique sampled unbiasedly, that is sampling without preferen