抗凝剂温度.PPT

Good Sample Handling Draw the correct volume Mix : It’s essential Allow time to clot Spin under the correct conditions Aspirate, Don’t pour Refer to the product insert or package labeling supplied by the manufacture of any blood collection product for complete recommendations on sample collection and processing Reference : CLSI(H3-A6)2008 / CLSI(H18-A3)2004 Blood Specimen Transport Errors Transport of blood specimens in the proper manner after collection ensures the quality of the sample Timing Some specimens must be transported immediately after collection, for example Arterial Blood Gases. Specimens for serum or plasma chemistry testing should be centrifuged and separated within two hours Transport Errors Temperature Specimens must be transported at the appropriate temperature for the required test On ice—ABGs, Ammonia Warmed --98.6 degrees (37 C), cryoglobulins Avoid temperature extremes if transported from via vehicle from other collection site Transport Container Some samples need to be protected from light, for example, bilirubin Transport in leak-proof plastic bags in lockable rigid containers Error Prevention Phlebotomy Education Phlebotomists should have completed a standard academic course in phlebotomy and undergo thorough on-the-job training under the supervision of a senior phlebotomist Continuing Education Phlebotomists should participate in regular educational competency assessments (written and observational) Professional Licensure Phlebotomy Staffing Adequate staffing to maintain collection standards Technology Use of barcode scanners for patient identification Questions and Discussion How are pre-analytical errors prevented in your laboratory? What technology do you use to prevent human error? What systems does your hospital use to prevent errors by non-laboratory staff collecting blood? What pro-active improvements would reduce the number of pre-analytical errors? 檢體採集作業流程 病人同意：醫療或研究需求？ 病人辨識：原則、方法(時機、頻率) 病人保護：隱私 、安