中考英语虚拟语气专项指导练习1.docVIP

虚拟语气的用法及专项练习题 虚拟语气表示一种假设的情况，或一种主观的愿望，即动词所表示的动作或状态并非事实，或不可能实现。英语虚拟语气的形式有下列几种： 一、与现在事实相反 连接词 条件从句 结果从句 If 1.动词过去式(或were) 2.助动词（过去式）+动词原形 Should Would+动词原形 could might Ifhadthetime,JohnwouldmakeatriptoChinatoseetheGreatWall. IfIwereyou,Iwouldgiveupdrinkingimmediately. 二.与将来事实相反 连接词 条件从句 结果从句 If 1.should+动词原形 2.动词过去式 3、wereto+动词原形 Should Would+动词原形 could might Ifyoushouldlose,whatwouldyoudo? IfIweretoseehertomorrow,Iwouldtellherthetruth. Ifyouwenttherenexttime,youwouldseewhatImean. 三、与过去事实相反 连接词 条件从句 结果从句 If had+过去分词 Should Would+have+过去分词 could might IfI’ddnownthatitwasgoingtorain,Iwouldneverhavegoneforawalkinthecountry. 四、虚拟语气的几种特殊用法 省掉if的条件从句结构： Had you asked me, I would have told you.(=If you had asked me,…) 2.有时虚拟条件不用条件从句而用不定式、分词、介词、名词、连接词或定语从句来表示，如： A true friend would not do such a thing. (=If he were a true friend, he...) (=If there were no water,…) (=If you hadn’ t helped me,…) 3.有时条件从句中的动作和结果从句中的动作发生的时间不一致，如： If he had followed the doctor’s advice, he would be quite all right now. If I were you ,I would have gone home. 五、虚拟语气的其他用法 1、Suggest,advise等动词之后宾语从句须用虚拟语气，其句子结构如下： suggest, advise ,recommend ,demand, require, insist, urge, request, order, +that…(should)+动词原形 devide , ask move, propose等 注意：在此结构中that不可省略；should省不省均可。 He suggested that they(should) stop smoking. 上述动词的名词形式出现时，that引导的从句仍用虚拟语气。 He made are quest that they (should)stop smoking. 如果that引导的从句所表达的内容是事实，也可用陈述语气。 Heinsiststhatheisright. 2、Itis(was)+necessary,apity等+that引导的从句须用虚拟语气，其句子结构如下： imperative,advisable,动词完成式 Itis(was)+important,natural,necessary,+that…(should)+ essential,strange,等动词原形 Itisimportantthatyou(should)followthedoctor’sorders. Itisrightthatyoushouldhavedoneyourhomework. 3、wish的用法 动词过去式或were—与现在事实相反 主语+wish(that)+主语+动词过去完成式—与过去事实相反 助动词过去试+动词原形—与将来事实相反 IwishIwereapopsinger.(=IamsorryIamnotapopsinger..) IwishIhadneverstoppedteaching.(=IamsorryIstoppedteaching.) Iwishthey’dletusgetsomesleep. 注意：wish与hope接宾语从句的区别在于：hope表示一般可以实现的希望，宾语从句用陈述语气。wish表示很难或不大可能实现的希望,宾语从句用虚拟语气。试比较： （1）W