广东省2017年中考总复习考点预测课件语法第十三章宾语从句共13张PPT.ppt

第 十 三 章 宾 语 从 句 宾语从句是一种名词性从句，在句中作及物动词的宾语、介词的宾语或形容词的宾语。宾语从句有三个要素：引导词、语序、时态。 考点1宾语从句的引导词 由that引导的宾语从句,that无意义，可省略，主句谓语动词一般为say，tell，know，hear，think，hope等: He said he wanted to stay at home. (2) 由连接代词或连接副词引导的宾语从句连接代词what，which，who，whom，whose；连接副词when，where，why，how；这些连接代词和连接副词在宾语从句中充当某个成分：My daughter asked me what we would have for dinner. (3) 由whether/if引导的宾语从句由两者引导的从句表示一般问句内容，但必须是陈述句语序，whether或if一般可互换，在句中的意思是 “是否”，不能省略：I want to know if/whether he likes the book. (1) 在动词不定式之前Please tell us whether to go or stay here. (2) 在whether … or not 的固定搭配中：He asked me whether I wanted to go there by train or not. (3) 在介词后：It depends on whether it will be fine. (4) 宾语从句前置时：Whether he lives there，I want to know. 注意：在下列情况下，只能用whether，不能用if 考 点 2 宾 语 从 句 的 语 序 宾语从句的语序要用陈述句的语序，即：连接词+主语+谓语。由于句子中的主语多为人或物，而谓语由动词充当，因此宾语从句的语序可这样记忆： 疑问词＋人／物 (在从句中作主语)+动词 (在从句中作谓语)： 情况 举例 一般情况 疑问词＋人/物+动词 She asked where John lived. 特殊情况 疑问词 (同时也是从句的主语)+动词+…… 主要为以下句式： … what’s wrong … … what’s the matter … … which is the way to … … what’s happening … … what (has) happened … I don’t know who is in the classroom. Nobody knows what’s in the box. Can you tell me what happened just now？ Can you tell me what is the matter with you？ Could you tell me which is the way to the cinema？ 考 点 3 宾 语 从 句 的 时 态 宾语从句谓语动词的时态常受主句谓语时态的制约。因此，在运用时要注意主从句时态相呼应。 主句为某种时态时可用所需的任何时态： Do you know when he came back yesterday？ I have been told that the window was broken by Jim. 主句为一般过去时： ①一般现在时→一般过去时：It was said that Jim came to school on foot every day. ②现在进行时→过去进行时：Did you mean Jim was cooking in the kitchen at the moment？ ③ 一般将来时→过去将来时：He said he would buy her a cell phone for her birthday. ④现在完成时→过去完成时：He told me that he had lived in Zhuhai since 2001. ⑤一般过去时→过去完成时：She said she had finished her homework. ⑥若表示客观事实、真理、自然现象、名言警句等，用一般现在时：Our teacher told us that December 25 is Christmas Day. 考点4宾语从句的简化 宾语从句与简单句的转换 (1) think，make，find等引导的宾语从句，可转换为简单句，即：think/make/find+宾语+宾补结构: His mother found that he was a clever boy. =His m