非谓语动词翻译方法技巧.pptVIP

非谓语动词的翻译技巧 非谓语 不定式 表将来和主动 动词ing:表进行和主动 1.在句子中充当何成分 2.只跟不定式做宾语的动词 3.什么情况下需用不定式做定语 4.不定式省略to的情况 5.不定式的复合结构 6.不定式主动表被动的情况 动名词 现在分词 现在分词跟过去分词作状语 1.只跟动名词 2.动名词与不定式做主语，宾语的区别 3.begin和start后跟不定式而不跟动名词的情况 动词ed：表完成和被动 1.不定式和现在分词作结果状语的区别 一、不定式与动名词做主语： 1. 动名词做主语往往表示泛指的、一般的行为; 不定式 做主语常表示某次具体的行为或将来的动作。 e.g. Climbing mountains is great fun. 爬山很有趣。 To visit China is my next goal. 2. 不定式做主语，一般用it当形式主语，把作主语的不 定式短语后置。 e.g. It took me only five minutes to finish the job. 3. 动名词作主语有时用it作形式主语，把动名词置于句 尾。常见于以下句型中： It’s use/ good / fun… It’s useful/ nice/ useless… e.g It’s nice seeing you again. 1. Learning a language requires time and effort. 2. It is not always easy to refuse invitations. 3. How to solve the problem will be discussed at tomorrow’s meeting. 4. It takes forty-five minutes to get there by bus. 5. It is no good smoking . You should give it up. 二、不定式与动名词做宾语： 1. 下列动词后常跟不定式做宾语： want, wish, hope, expect, ask, afford, agree, choose, pretend, decide, happen, learn, offer, refuse, fail, plan, prepare, order, manage, promise, intend等。 e.g. He agreed to get someone to help us. They promised not to break the school rules again. 2. 在下列动词或动词短语后常用动名词做宾语： admit, advise, allow, avoid, bear, cannot help, consider, delay, enjoy, finish, give up, imagine. include, keep, keep on, mind, miss, put off, permit, practice, resist, risk, suggest, stand, insist on, be busy, be worth, feel like, can’t stand, think of, dream of, be fond of, prevent…(from), keep…from, stop…(from), protect…from, be engaged in, spend…(in), succeed in, admit to, be/ get/ become used to, be equal to, devote…to, get down to, look forward to, object to, stick to, take to, see to, lead to, pay attention to等。 3. 有些动词既能以不定式作宾语，又能以动名词作宾语。两者意思基本相同，如：begin, start, like, hate, continue, prefer等。 但有些动词两种形式意思有很大的差别，此类动词主要有：forget, remember, stop, regret, try, mean, can’t help等。 ● stop to do sth. 停下来去做某事 stop doing sth. 停止做某事