Lecture10Object-Oriented Design and Programming课件.ppt

Object-Oriented Design and Programming (Java) Topics Covered Today 2.3 Advanced Class Design 2.3.4 Design Patterns 2.3.5 Singleton Pattern 2.3.6 Strategy Pattern Reference Design Patterns: Elements of Reusable Object-Oriented Software ISBN 0-201-63361-2 设计模式：可复用面向对象软件的基础机械工业出版社 Head First Design Patterns 深入浅出设计模式 ISBN: 7-5641-0165-2 History Patterns originated as an architectural concept by Christopher Alexander. The Timeless Way of Building 《建筑的永恒之道》 Alexander’s Pattern Alexander’s Pattern. Alexander’s Pattern.. Patterns describe a solution so that it can be applied many times without ever being the same. History In 1980s, Kent Beck and Ward Cunningham began experimenting with the idea of applying patterns to programming. History Design patterns gained popularity in computer science after the book Design Patterns: Elements of Reusable Object-Oriented Software by Erich Gamma, Richard Helm, Ralph Johnson, and John Vlissides (Gang of Four or GoF) was published in 1994. Design Pattern Design patterns describe practical solutions to common design problems that occur repeatedly in software development. A design pattern description consists of: Pattern name A description of the problem that the pattern addresses A description of the solution (for instance: class structure) A discussion of the consequences of using the pattern Classification Creational Patterns (创建模式) deal with object creation mechanisms Structural Patterns (结构模式) describe how classes and objects can be combined to form larger structures. Behavioral Patterns (行为模式) identify common communication patterns between objects and realize these patterns. 23 Design Patterns Topics Covered Today 2.3 Advanced Class Design 2.3.4 Design Patterns 2.3.5 Singleton Pattern 2.3.6 Strategy Pattern One of a Kind In some applications, there are classes that should only be instantiated once. For instance: system clock of an operating system; one accounting system in a company; object used for logging;