《IBT托福真题》共13部分，第11部分.docVIP

《IBT托福真题》 共13部分，此为第011部分 Paragraph 1：To South Americans, robins are birds that fly north every spring. To North Americans, the robins simply vacation in the south each winter. Furthermore, they fly to very specific places in South America and will often come back to the same trees in North American yards the following spring. The question is not why they would leave the cold of winter so much as how they find their way around. The question perplexed people for years, until, in the 1950s, a German scientist named Gustave Kramer provided some answers and. in the process, raised new questions. 1. Which of the following can be inferred about bird migration from paragraph 1? ○ Birds will take the most direct migratory route to their new habitat. ○ The purpose of migration is to join with larger groups of birds. ○ Bird migration generally involves moving back and forth between north and south. ○ The destination of birds migration can change from year to year. 2. The word perplexed in the passage is closest in meaning to ○ defeated ○ interested ○ puzzled ○ occupied Paragraph 3：Early in his research, Kramer found that caged migratory birds became very restless at about the time they would normally have begun migration in the wild. Furthermore, he noticed that as they fluttered around in the cage, they often launched themselves in the direction of their normal migratory route. He then set up experiments with caged starlings and found that their orientation was. in fact, in the proper migratory direction except when the sky was overcast, at which times there was no clear direction to their restless movements. Kramer surmised, therefore, that they were orienting according to the position of the Sun. To test this idea, he blocked their view of the Sun and used mirrors to change its apparent position. He found that under these circumstances, the birds oriented with respect to the new Sun. They seemed to be using the Sun as a compass to determine direction. At the time, this idea