标准差教材【质量精品】.ppt

6? Overview Z - Scale of Measure Z = A Unit of Measure Equivalent to the Number of Standard Deviations that a Value is Away from the Target Value -3.0 -0.5 3.0 Z - Values USL LSL 2.5? 0.5? 3.0? = Process Mean Z T Target 0 A 3? Process The Definitions of Yield Final Test Process (Process 4) Pass Process 3 Process 1 Process 2 100 (Units Tested) 65 70 82 91 Yield 1 Yield 2 Yield 3 Loss 1 Loss 3 Rejects Loss 2 9 9 12 5 First Time Yield (Yft) = Units Passed Units Tested = 65 70 = 0.93 Rolled Thruput Yield (Yrt) = (Yield 1) (Yield 2) (Yield 3) . . . . = 91 82 65 70 ( ( ( ( ) ) ) ) = 0.65 100 91 70 82 Normalized Yield (Ynm) = = 1/n (Yrt) (0.65) 1/4 = 0.89 ( n: Total Number of Processes ) 6? Overview Yield Exclusive of Rework Probability of Zero Defects Average Yield of All Processes 6? Overview The Impact of Complexity The Impact of Complexity Rolled Rolled Yield Yield Number of Operations Number of Operations 1.00 1.00 0.90 0.90 0.80 0.80 0.70 0.70 0.60 0.60 0.50 0.50 0.40 0.40 0.30 0.30 0.20 0.20 0.10 0.10 0.00 0.00 1 10 100 1,000 10,000 100.000 1,000,000 1 10 100 1,000 10,000 100.000 1,000,000 Process Mean Centered on Each Operation Process Mean Centered on Each Operation 1 10 100 1,000 10,000 100.000 1,000,000 1 10 100 1,000 10,000 100.000 1,000,000 Rolled Rolled Yield Yield Number of Operations Number of Operations 1.00 1.00 0.90 0.90 0.80 0.80 0.70 0.70 0.60 0.60 0.50 0.50 0.40 0.40 0.30 0.30 0.20 0.20 0.10 0.10 0.00 0.00 As the Number of Operations Increases, a High Rolled Yield Requires a High ??for Each Operation 5? 4? 3? 6? 6? 5? 4? 3? Process Mean Shifted 1.5??at Each Operation 6? Overview Baselining Benchmarking an Existing Process p (x) Defects Benchmark Baseline Entitlement BenchmarkA World-Class Performance EntitlementAchievable Performance Given