1.the_literature_of_Realism演示教学.pptVIP

The Literature of Realism;Teaching Aims;The Literature of Realism (1865-1910);?George Bellows, Cliff Dwellers (1913);The Civil War brought the Romantic Period to an end. The Age of Realism came into existence. It came as a reaction against romanticism sentimentalism.;American Realism;“Realism is nothing more and nothing less than the truthful treatment of material.” --William Dean Howells ;I. Definition;Realism - a Slice of Life： A truthful imitation of ordinary life. A reaction against sentimentality of most romantic fiction.;II. Historical Background;II. Historical Background;The civil war brought further industrialization mechanization urbanization development of transportation and communication;Influences on Realism;*;Railroad History railroads defined a new era in American history. ;Industrial Revolution;III. Origination of Realism;Development of American realism first appear in the literature of local color arbiter: William Dean Howells Darwin’s “Law of the Jungle”(弱肉强食的丛林法则) ;IV. Three branches ;II. American Realism Time: the latter half of the 19th century, esp. 1870s, 1880s. Features： Realists tried to vividly describe details from observation of actual life. Realists tried to offer an objective rather than an idealized view of human nature and society. It expressed the concern for the world of experience, of the commonplace, and for the familiar and the low. ;III.Naturalism Major Features 1. the application of the principles of scientific determinism 2. humans: controlled by laws of heredity and environment naturalist fiction: no evidence of effective choice, or free will, or autonomous action 3. life: a struggle for survival the naturalist’s concerns: a. social systems that destroy and dehumanize b. individual experience of loss and failure Naturalists: plumb the actual or superficial to find the scientific laws that control its