【精选】词汇学Chapter 1词汇学Chapter 1.pptVIP

An Introduction to Modern English Lexicology Zhang Yunfei Chapter 1  A General Survey of A Word Definition “词，今指语言组织中的基础单位，能独立运用，具有声音、意义和语法功能。”《 辞海》1984（上），375页，上海辞书出版社。 A word is a fundamental unit of speech and a minimum free form; with a unity of sound and meaning( both lexical and grammatical meaning), capable of performing a given syntactic function. (英语语言学家威尔金斯（D.Wilkins）说过：“没有语法，人们可以表达的事物寥寥无几；而没有词汇，人们则无法表达任何事物。” 1. The development of English vocabulary The relationship is specific and general lexical items. Word is included in the vocabulary. Vocabulary ( more than 1,000,000) : 1/ native words (Anglo- Saxon origin or Old English); 2/ borrowed words For students of English lexicology, they should know something about: the historical development of the English vocabulary as well as about its rapid growth today. A/ The study of the historical development of the English vocabulary should not be treated in isolation from the growth of the English language itself. The history of the English language begins with the conquest and settlement of what is now England by the Angles, Saxons and Jutes from about 450AD. The language they spoke was Anglo-Saxon. The history of English language can be divided into 3 periods: a/ Old English period (449—1100) This period of English language is known as Old English or Anglo—Saxon English. The vocabulary of Old English contains 50-60 thousand words, which consists of the basic word stock.. b/ Middle English period (1100-1500) The transitional period from Old English to Modern English is known as Middle English, which is characterized by the strong influence of French following the Norman Conquest in 1066. c/ Modern English period (1500--)  The English language from 1500 to the present is called Modern English. In the early stage of this period ( including the years between 1500-1700), the Renaissance brought great changes to the vocabulary. In this period, the study of classics