法律文本翻译讲义.pptVIP

法律文本的翻译Translation of Legal Document It is not possible to gain an insight into the nature of any institution of human life without an inquiry into the purposes or functions which the particular institution is designed to accomplish. Nobody can intelligently discuss problems of government and arrive at a considered judgment with respect to the policies which should be promoted by public officials or agencies without first forming an opinion as to the general aims and ends for which governments are established. This is equally true for the institution of law, at least in the secular, political sense with which we are concerned. We treat law as a particular kind of governmental institution. From this perspective, we assert that no official within the institution of law—no judge, attorney or other person with official duties in the administration of law—can adequately discharge his or her duties unless familiar with the general purposes which the law is supposed to perform for society. 法律的性质和职能 要洞察人类生活任何一个制度的性质而不研究建立该制度旨在达到的目的或职能，那是不可能的。任何人如果不首先就政府建立的总目的和总目标形成一个意见，就不能明智地讨论治理国家的问题并就国家官员或国家机构应该推行的政策作出深思熟虑的判断。对法律制度来说，情况也同样如此－至少在我们所关心的世俗的、政治的意义上是如此。我们把法律当作一种特定的政治制度。从这一观点出发，我们主张：在法律制度内，任何官员－法官、律师或其他在司法工作中担任正式职责的人－如果不熟悉法律应为社会去完成的那些总目的，就无法恰当地履行其职责。 Contents 1. Brief introduction 2. Linguistic features of legal document 3. Principles of translation 1. Brief introduction 1. foreign investment and research; 2. cross-legal-translation; 3. making of law (Canada etc) Functions of legal document 法律文本的功能 法律文本的主要功能应当是呼吁、规范，提供信息只能是它的各种次要功能之一、法律文本具有规定、约束性功能以规范和指导社会与个人之间、个人与个人之间在政治、经济和文化等领域的活动和行为，其规范功能受到国家强制力的保护，具有强制性。 Types of legal document 1. 宪法、法律、法令、公约（双边或多边）； 2. 合同和契约； 3. 诉讼文书：传票、诉状、案件报告、证词、判决书； 4. 公司章程、规则和规章； 5. 出生证明、死亡证明、结婚证、离婚证、证书、公证。 2. Linguistic features of legal document style: formal (solemn, rigid) at different levels of language: A) words and phrases; B) sentence; C) discourse. Lexicology of law 1. formal words and phrases prior (before); subsequent (after); provided th