360度球面虚拟实景空间的构建方法分析 word格式.docxVIP

360 度球面虚拟实景空间的构建方法研究摘要基于图像的绘制（IBR，Image Based Rendering）技术是一种以计算机图形学、计 算机视觉和数字图像处理技术为基础，构造虚拟场景的技术。以基于图像的绘制技术 为核心，将周围 360 度的场景投影到立方体、圆柱或球面上，形成的可以自由漫游的 虚拟场景称为虚拟实景空间。与传统的基于几何模型的绘制技术构建的虚拟场景相 比，虚拟实景空间具有渲染速度快、真实感强和场景丰富等优点，因而成为了当今的 研究热点。本论文将以构造 360 度球面虚拟实景空间为研究内容，完成的工作主要包 括以下几方面：(1) 以单反相机作为拍摄工具，设计了一种可支持 360 度球面全景拍摄的支架，并对 设计方案进行了可行性分析及性能评估。(2) 研究并实现了基于网格的球面虚拟实景空间构建方法，在已有网格的基础上，对 其进行整体调整和局部调整，以解决全景拼接时形成的错位、信息缺失等问题。 同时，基于调整后的网格，实现全景图的保存，并对保存过程中出现的顶部像素 稀疏、边界明显现象进行优化。(3) 针对全景采集过程中出现的底部空洞问题，研究并实现了一种基于位置映射模型的空洞修复方法，较好的解决了球面全景底部空洞问题，实现了完整 360 度球面 虚拟实景空间的构建。关键词：基于图像的绘制技术 虚拟实景空间 网格调整 图像修复本文受到国家自然科学基金资助项目(NO , 中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目(NO:2010HGZY0001), 安徽省自然科学基金项目资助(NO43).Research of 360-degree Spherical Image-Based Virtual Space ConstructionABSTRACTImage Based Rendering (IBR) is a virtual reality technology, which is based on computer graphics, computer vision and digital image processing. The virtual space formed by projecting scenes surrounding onto a cube, cylinder or sphere based on this technology is called image-based virtual space. Compared with virtual space formed through geometry-based rendering, the image-based virtual space has many advantages, such as fast rendering speed, strong sense of reality and rich scenario. Therefore, it becomes a popular research field. This thesis focus on how to create the 360-degree spherical image-based virtual space. The main work is listed as follows:A camera bracket is designed for shooting 360-degree spherical panorama using SLR(Single Lens Reflex) camera as the shooting device, at the same time, the feasibility analysis and performance evaluation are given for this design.The way of constructing image-based virtual space based on grids is studied, and a kind of grid adjustment method is proposed which aims to solve the dislocation and information missing problem happed in stitching. Meanwhile, the panoramic from after grid adjustment is saved and optimized in order to solve the sparse top pixels and obvious boundary.A