美国概况3.ppt

Immigration and Ethnicity In Lecture 3, we are going to talk about the diverse composition of the American population and the related ethnic issues. Oct. 17, 2010 American Immigration Over 100 other people from 32 countries become U.S. citizens in a naturalization ceremony at Daley Plaza in 2009. American Dream The American Dream is the belief that through hard work and determination, any United States immigrant can achieve a better life, usually in terms of financial prosperity and enhanced personal freedom of choice. This dream has been a major factor in attracting immigrants to the United States. American Immigration Policies Immigration is a two-way street. The reason immigrants come has its origins in the conditions of the home country; The reason why they are received is rooted in the needs of the host country. Overpopulation in the home country and under-populated destination country. The absence of economic opportunities at home and the intensive labor demands in the host country. American Immigration Policies Before The 1920s: Before the 1920s, there was no numeral restriction on immigration in America. Although the 1882 Chinese exclusion Act suspended Chinese immigration for several years, and made it impossible for Chinese immigrants to become naturalized(有国籍的) citizens. American Immigration Policies The 1920s: The 1921 Emergency Quota Act and the 1924 National Origins Act set numeral limits on immigration based on national origin, making it easy for those of North European background to enter the country, restricting those of South and East European background and excluding Asians. The 1924 Act took effect in 1929 and remained valid until 1965. American Immigration Policies Post-War period: Immigration Act (1965) represents a marked shift of policy. It did away with the national origins system and based immigration on permits on the need for occupational skills. It also placed high priority on family reunification and refugees. It re