冻土带水合物有效开采方法分析研究.docVIP

中国石油大学（华东）本科毕业设计(论文) 冻土带水合物有效开采方法研究 摘 要 天然气水合物作为未来化石燃料的一种重要替代品，以其分布广泛、资源量巨大、能量密度高、清洁无污染等诸多优点为世界各国重视。而冻土带水合物比海底水合物开发难度小的特点。本文通过分析冻土带的地质条件，阐述了冻土带与水合物稳定存在的关系，得到了天然气水合物在冻土带存在条件。分析推测了常见几种冻土带水合物微观结构及其形成过程。以麦索亚哈气田开采实例，分析了注热降压开采的原理，同时对水力压裂开采水合物压裂的基本原理进行分析，在简化模型下分析了水力压裂增产效果。 关键字：天然气水合物；冻土带；开采方法 ABSTRAC Natural gas hydrate is an important product as an alternative to fossil fuels in the future. With its advantages like widely distributed, a huge amount of resources, high energy density, and pollution-free, many countries in the world are highly concerned about it.Rather than undersea gas hydrate formation ,gas hydrate in the permafrost area has small developing difficulty. Through analysis of the geological conditions of the permafrost areas, expounds its stability between hydrate and permafrost areas, obtained the relationship of natural gas hydrate in the permafrost areas condition. Speculating the microcosmic structure of hydrate formation process of permafrost areas. Analyse MaiSuoahab in mining field, the principle of thermal injection and depressurization, at the same time, Analyse the basic principle of hydraulic fracturing, under the simplified model is analyzed effect on increasing production in hydraulic fracturing. Keywords：Gas hydrate;permafrost areas;method of exploitation 目 录 TOC \o 1-3 \h \z \u HYPERLINK \l _Toc265067423 第1章 前 言 PAGEREF _Toc265067423 \h 1 HYPERLINK \l _Toc265067424 1.1 研究目的及意义 PAGEREF _Toc265067424 \h 1 HYPERLINK \l _Toc265067425 1.2 研究现状 PAGEREF _Toc265067425 \h 1 HYPERLINK \l _Toc265067426 1.3 主要研究内容 PAGEREF _Toc265067426 \h 3 HYPERLINK \l _Toc265067427 第2章 冻土带天然气水合物形成以及微观结构 PAGEREF _Toc265067427 \h 4 HYPERLINK \l _Toc265067428 2.1 冻土带水合物的形成 PAGEREF _Toc265067428 \h 4 HYPERLINK \l _Toc265067429 2.1.1冻土带分布情况 PAGEREF _Toc265067429 \h 4 HYPERLINK \l _Toc265067430 2.1.2冻土带厚度 PAGEREF _Toc265067430 \h 6 HYPERLINK \l _Toc265067431 2.2 冻土带天然气水合物的微观结构 PAGEREF _Toc265067431 \h 10 HYPERLINK \l _Toc265067432 2.2.1青藏高原地质运动分析 PAG