沉积盆地地震效应研究-防灾减灾工程及防护工程专业论文 word格式.docxVIP

摘要国内外多次大地震的震害表明，盆地会显著地放大长周期地震动，增 加地震动的持时，对高层建筑、大跨桥梁等自振周期较长的工程结构造成 严重破坏。我国有许多大中城市位于沉积盆地之上，盆地效应的研究对于 这些城市的防震减灾具有重要意义，同时也对认识盆地这种大型不均匀的 场地条件对地震动的影响，促进地震工程学的发展具有重要意义。本文在 总结国内外相关文献基础上，主要完成以下工作：1.基于二维盆地模型，定性的研究了垂直 SH 波入射下，盆地的角度、 覆盖层厚度、盆地内外介质阻抗比对面波的发育、盆地的边缘效应、聚焦 效应的影响。在大量计算结果统计分析的基础上，定性的给出了一个边缘 效应出现区域和放大倍数的估计公式。2.在收集大量地质和勘察资料的基础上，对施甸盆地进行钻探，基于 地质资料、钻孔资料和波速测量资料，详细的绘制了盆地 8 个地质剖面， 建立了施甸盆地的三维速度结构模型，该模型可为我国盆地效应研究提供 必要基础。3.利用建立的三维施甸盆地模型，采用基于显式有限元和并行计算技 术相结合的方法，模拟了垂直入射下施甸盆地长周期的地震动。研究了该 盆地的聚焦效应和边缘效应。从三维模型取出5个剖面，采用一、二、三 维计算，对比分析，结果表明三维盆地计算结果大于一维和二维。4.在广泛收集唐山区域地震安全性评价钻孔及补充钻探的基础上，绘 制了唐山地区3个地质剖面，建立了唐山地区三维速度结构模型。基于宽 频带地震动模拟方法，模拟了1976年唐山大地震近场地震动，并将计算结 果与唐山的烈度图做了对比分析，表明结果基本合理。关键词：盆地效应；盆地构造；施甸盆地；并行计算；宽频带地震动模 拟ABSTRACTSome previous large earthquakes indicate that the basin will obviously enlarge long period and increase the duration of strong ground motion, which will badly destroyed the high-rise buildings, the long-span bridges, and some other engineering structures with long vibration periods. In china, many large and medium-sized cities are located on the sedimentary basin, so the basin effect research is very important for the earthquake prevention and disaster reduction of these cities, and it is also very important for recognizing the effect of this large non-homogeneous site; moreover, promoting the development of the earthquake engineering. On the base of summarizing mass literatures both abroad and domestic, the main research works of this paper are as follows:Based on simple 2-D basin model, the influence of the dip angle, the depth and the impedance of basin on the surface wave generation, the edge and focusing effects under vertical incident the SH-wave are qualitatively studied. An estimated formula about the region and the amplification coefficient are given in this paper based on a great number of model analysis.Based on the geology and investigation data, the drilling and wave measurement data of Shidian basin, eight geologically profiles of the basin are detailed drawn, and