24.高考英语中主动表被动现象.pptVIP

高考英语中主动表被动现象; 主动表被动： 指形式无被动结构而含被动意义的主动形式，即句中某个名词或代词与某个动词存在逻辑动宾关系或为被动关系，用主动结构表被动意思。;1. 系动词没有被动形式,但有些系动词常表示被动意义。常见的有taste(吃起来), sound (听起来), prove(证明是), feel(摸上去感到), look(看起来)，smell(闻起来) remain等,例如: ①The flower looks ugly. ②What you said sounds reasonable. ③The dish smells delicious. ④The food tastes good. ⑤The story proved quite false. ⑥She remains silent. ⑦This material feels soft.;2.need, want, require（要求，需要）, deserve (应得，值得), be worth (值得）， not bear (经不住) 后面接doing主动表被动。 相当于to be done, e.g. The book is worth reading. The old building requires repairing. These young seedlings will require/need looking after (=need to be looked after) carefully. Your hair wants/needs cutting (needs to be cut). ;3.某些可以和well, easily, smoothly等副词连用的不及物动词如read, write, wash, clean, draw, burn, cook, sell, lock, open, shut,且主语是非生命的名词或代词,用主动结构表被动意思,e.g. ①This kind of book sells well. ②The pen writes smoothly. ③ The cloth washes well. ④The poem reads smoothly. ⑤The table doesn’t clean easily. ⑥This kind of rice cooks more easily than that kind. ⑦ That door shuts well. ;4、一些与can’t (不能) 或won’t (不会) 连用的动词。常用的有: lock (锁住), shut (关上) , open (打开), act (上演), write (写)，cut (砍，切)，wear (穿，戴)等,用作不及物动词时，用主动表被动。 例如: The door won‘’t open. 这门打不开。 It cant move. 它不能动。 （这些动词与can’t,won’t等连用, 表示事物“拒绝”我们要它们“做”的事.）  ;5、在“there be”句型中作主语的定语如果现在分词时，所用的现在分词要用主动表被动意义。 There is nothing doing these days. 这些天没事干。 I see there’s a good idea planning. 我知道又在打好主意。 ;7. “sb. has sth. to do”不定式作定语结构,也用主动结构表被动意思, 此时主语与to do 存在逻辑主谓关系, to do 与宾语存在逻辑动宾关系,用公式表示为: “主语＋谓语＋宾语＋to do” 主谓关系 动宾关系 ①He has many problems to solve. ②White has lots of things to do. ③I have a room to live in. He has a family to support. Tom is looking for a room to live in. ;8、不定式修饰作表语和宾语补足语的形容词时，结构：主语+系动词+形容词 + 不定式； 动词+宾语+形容词+不定式。如果形容词是表示难易、利弊等含义，如 diffic