球谐分析卫星加速度求定地球重力场.PDFVIP

球諧分析衛星加速度求定地球重力場 學生：游輝欽 指導教授：黃金維 國立交通大學土木工程學系 摘 要 本文利用衛星之三度空間加速度資料來求定地球之重力場，藉由衛星所感受 之擾動加速度，透過球諧分析求定地球之重力場。由於衛星加速度可以利用引力 位的梯度來表示，則引入球諧函數及其梯度的正交性質，吾人可以分別推得兩種 形式之球諧分析公式。公式推導之過程中並以不連續公式趨近積分計算，且搭配 快速傅利葉轉換的運算技巧使用，可快速的分析求得地位係數。選用 EGM96 之 地位係數展開至 70 階，模擬德國衛星 CHAMP （高度460km ）在太空中運行 7 天的加速度觀測資料，並利用 3D 內插程式將散佈之衛星觀測資料內插至相同半 徑之球面網格資料，以此網格資料進行球諧分析求得地位係數；此反算之結果可 回復地位係數至 30 階。最後加入一些觀測量之隨機誤差進行試驗，則使得球諧 分析加速度的結果只能達到 15~25 階的效果。 i Spherical Harmonic Analysis of Satellite Acceleration for Gravity Recovery Student ：Hui-Chin Yu Advisor ：Dr. Cheinway Hwang Institude of Civil Engineering National Chiao Tung University Abstract In this study, we determined the geopotential coefficients by 3-D accelerations of a satellite. The perturbation accelerations of a satellite can be determined by using the tracking data of GPS. The gravitational field can then be determined using spherical harmonic analyses from the perturbation accelerations of satellite. Since the acceleration of the satellite can be represented by the gradient of the geopotential, two spherical analytical formulas were derived from the orthogonality properties of the spherical function and its gradient. In deriving the formulas, the integrals are approximated by discrete summation. The technique of Fast Fourier Transform is also employed to efficiently compute geopotential coefficient s. By using EGM96 geopotential coefficients to degree 70, we made a 7-day simulated accelerations data of CHAMP (altitude of 460km), and interpolated the scattered data to g