植物是由化学元素所组成.pptVIP

 Honghua Ruan Nanjing Forestry University Chapter 3 Nutrient Cycling of Ecosystems 生态系统的养分循环  Review for Chapter 2 Energy transfer key points A single sources of energy is SUN 2) Energy equilibrium 3) Energy could not be reused once. 4) Through different trophic levels Energy transfer or flow 1) Food chain (grazing and detritus food chain) 2) Food web 3) Tropic level 4) Ecological Pyramids 5) Ecological efficiency (10%) Energy Dynamics and Storage GPP=NPP+ Pr + Pd Energy flow is a basic function of ecosystemsl 能量流动是生态系统的重要功能 Food chain is the pathway of energy flow 食物链是能