Small-signal modeling of pulse-width modulated switched-mode power converters精品.pdfVIP

Small-Signal Modeling of Pulse-Width Modulated Switched-Mode Power Converters R. D. MIDDLEBROOK, FELLOW, IEEE Invited Paper A power processing system is required to convert electrical for which, at the outset, there was no model for analysis of energy from one voltage, current, or frequency to another with, the transfer functions. ideally, 100-percent efficiency, together with adjustability of the Over more than 15 years, much has been achieved in conversion ratio. The allowable elements are switches, capacitors, and magnetic devices. Essential to the design is a knowledge of modeling the nonlinear switching converter power stages the transfer functions, and since the switching converter is nonlin- and modulators, and also in application of the models to ear, a suitable modeling approach is needed. This paper discusses the design of improved, more cost-effective switching reg- the state-space averaging method, which is an almost ideal com- ulators. promise between accuracy and simplicity. The treatment here emphasizes the motivation and objectives of modeling by equiva- Rather than attempt a review of the many approaches lent circuits based upon physical interpretation of state-space aver- which, in the available space, would inevitably result in a aging, and is limited to pulse-width modulated dc-to-dc convert- superficial treatment of all of them, this paper instead will ers. emphasize the motivations and objectives of modeling by one approach, state-space averaging, that represents an I. INTRODUCTION