化学反应工程Chapter 9.ppt

化 学 反 应 工 程 (b) Heat Duty. Of course we can use joules in our calculations; however, since we are dealing with aqueous solutions it is simpler to use calories. Let us use calories. Then the slope of the energy balance line is Drawing this line through point C (line BCD) we see that the feed must be cooled 20℃(from point A to point B) before it enters and reacts adiabatically. Also, the product must be cooled 37℃(from point C to point E). Thus the heat duty is 化 学 反 应 工 程 Figure E9.5b shows two reasonable arrangements for the coolers. 化 学 反 应 工 程 Figure E9.5b 化 学 反 应 工 程 EXAMPLE 9.6 ADIABATIC PLUG FLOW REACTOR PERPORMANCE Find the size of adiabatic plug flow reactor to react the feed of Example 9.5 (FA0 = 1000 mol/min and CA0 = 4 mol/liter) to 80% conversion. SOLUTION Following the procedure of Fig. 9.9 draw trial operating lines(see Fig.E9.6a) with a slope of (from Example 9.5), and for each evaluate the integral 化 学 反 应 工 程 to find which is smallest. Figures E9.6a and b show this procedure for lines AB and CD. Line CD has the smaller area, is in fact closer to the minimum, and is therefore the desired adiabatic operating line. So This volume is somewhat smaller than the volume of mixed flow reactor(from Example 9.5) but it is still four times as large as the minimum possible (405 liters, from Example 9.4). 化 学 反 应 工 程 Figure E9.6 化 学 反 应 工 程 Regarding temperatures: Figure E9.6a shows that the feed must first be cooled to 16.0℃, it then passes through the adiabatic reactor and leaves at 73.6℃ and 80% conversion. 化 学 反 应 工 程 EXAMPLE 9.7 ADIABATIC PLUG FLOW REACTOR WITH RECYCLE Repeat Example 9.6 but now allow recycle to product stream. SOLUTION For operating line CD of Example 9.6 we find an optimum recycle area, shown in Fig.E9.7 as rectangle EFGH. 化 学 反 应 工 程 which are straight lines in Fig.9.7 . This figure illustrates the shape of the energy balance curve for both endothermic and exothermic reactions for both mixed flow and plug flow