中级翻译教程第八讲教学讲义.ppt

中级翻译教程;英语的三大从句是英语组句的重要手段，使用频率非常高。 相比之下，汉语的从句数量少，功能弱，尤其不喜欢在主语、宾语或定语的位置上放很长的句子，其状语也往往不带明显的语法标志。 因此，翻译英语从句时一般都要进行调整和变通。;英语的三大从句：;Nominal Clauses 名词性从句;英语名词性从句可分为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句四大类。 汉语不存在类似英语的名词性从句。 ;1．名词性从句，特别是由what, how, whether等引起的名词性从句，翻译比较困难。这些从句往往表达的是一种具体概念，如“how things stand”，实际上是表达“情况”这个概念，如照译“事情是如何站着的”就不明确，同时也违背了愿意。 所以翻译这类从句时多采用概略法，也就是使从句陈述的内容明确化。这样许多情况下都需要进行概括或引申。 ;例1：That’s where we differ. 这就是我们的分歧所在。 例2：My brother is not what he used to be. 我弟弟不是他以前那个样子了。/我弟弟变了。 例3：He has made what I am. 我之有今日都是他给的。 ;2．That从句 例1：That he should do such a thing! 他竟然干出这种事来！ 例2：That a brother should be so perfidious! 一个作兄弟的居然如此不义！ 例3：That nobody was killed or even slightly injured in such a serious accident was incredible. 如此严重的事故竟然无一人伤亡，（这）真叫人难以置信！;Ⅰ. Translation of English Nominal Clauses 英语名词性从句的翻译;Ⅰ. Translation of English Nominal Clauses 英语名词性从句的翻译;Ⅰ. Translation of English Nominal Clauses 英语名词性从句的翻译;Ⅰ. Translation of English Nominal Clauses 英语名词性从句的翻译;Ⅱ. Translation of Chinese Complex Sentences 汉语复句的翻译;2、Sentence Sequence 只要己发现有可能反对他的人 ，他就本能地要用他的魅力和风趣将这个人争取过来 。 English version A: When he catches a glimpse of a potential antagonist. his instinct is to win him over with charm and humor. English version B: As soon as he finds any possible opponent, he is, by instinct, to have an inclination for winning him over with charm and humor. English version C: The sight of any potential antagonist arouses his innate impulse for winning him over with charm and humor.;Practice: He poured into his writing all the pains of his life and the conviction it had brought to him that the world could be made a better place to live in if the exploited would rise up. Furthermore, it is obvious that the strength of a countrys economy is directly bound up with the efficiency of its agriculture and industry, and that this in turn rests upon the efforts of scientists and technologists of all lands. 森林给人提供木材，还能调节气候、保持水土、防风固