英语语法__助动词教学讲义.pptVIP

Be used to 结构和情态动词used to 的区别： 1. 在be used to 结构中，be 昰连系动词，used 是形容词，to 是介词，因此只后跟名词短语或动名词。如： Heavy smokers cannot stop smoking because they are used to nicotine. 吸烟多的人不能不吸烟，因为他们对尼古丁已经上瘾了。 情态动词used to 前面没有be ，后跟不带to 的动词不定式。如： I used to get along very well with my cousin and we used to be very good friends. 我过去同我的表弟相处得很好，我们曾经是好朋友。 注意： 半助动词 定义：半助动词是指在功能上介乎主动词和助动词之间，本身带有词义的一类结构。 类型（3类）分别以be，have，seem为中心成分。 半助动词既能协助主动词构成限定动词词组，也可以与基本助动词或情态动词搭配而充当主动词。半助动词既能是限定形式体现实体特征，也能是非限定形式，即采取不定式或-ing分词形式。 半助动词后的主动词用不带to的不定式。可以是一般形式也可以是进行体或完成体。 (1)Why are you driving so fast in this area?you are supposed to know the speed limite. (2)Mother is still not quiet well. She is not supposed to be working so hard. (3)Why haven’t you finished your paper yet? You are supposed to have finished it by Friday evening . 半助动词与it…that 句型转换 第一小类不可以转换 第二下小类可以转换 be about to be certain to be able to be (un)likely to be apt to appear to be bound to chance to be due to happen to be going to seem to be liable to turn out to,etc be obliged to be supposed to be to be willing to had better/best have to have got to come to fail to get to turn to.etc * 助动词 情态助动词用法及区别 半助动词用法及区别 助动词的缩略形式 助动词 一 分类及简介 助动词分为：基本助动词，情态助动词，半助动词。 基本助动词：be，do，have 情态助动词：半助动词：以be为中心成分，以have为中心成分，以seem为中心成分。 助动词 基本助动词 be do have 情态助动词 半助动词 二情态助动词的基本用法 1 can/could (1)指主观能力。 Can指现在和将来。指过去的能力一般用was/were able to How long can you hold your breath under water？ That is easy.I can do that tomorrow. could have done 用于虚拟语气指“过去本来能够却没有” she should have explained the mystery. 她本可以解释这个秘密的。 （2）表可能。Can 表可能时常用于疑问句和否定句，指某事是否事实。 Can it be true? We can’t change a law. He said he couldn’t agree more. (3)表允许用于非正式场合。 Can在肯定疑问句中表要求在否定句中表禁止。 You can smoke in the entrance hall. Can you lend me 2yuan? Could 用于这个意义时只用于疑问句，语气更加委婉。 Could you please fetch us a few cups? (4)表感情色彩。表某种情绪。 What can satisfied her?(不满) What else can you say?（不耐烦） How can I do such a thing ?(难办) 注意 Can与could 的区别与联系 （1）Could是can的过去式，除具can的各种功能外，还用来