【精品】采矿工程英语.pptVIP

采矿工程英语English for Mining Engineering;Lesson 1 Blasting in Development Workings;However, the following principles are of general application: the Strength of the explosive should be proportional to the strength of the rock; the burden should be proportional to the strength of the explosive. 然而，以下规则普遍应用：炸药的强度应与岩石的硬度成比例(相称),抵抗线应该与炸药的强度成比例(相称)。;Drift, crosscut, adit, shaft or raise present a similar problem in breaking that only one free face is attached. To have more than one free face, most rounds initiate the break by a pyramid or diamond cut , V-cut and burn cut, then other holes are fired in succession. 平巷、石门、平硐、井筒或天井在爆破过程中都存在一个相同问题，即只有一个自由面。为了形成多个自由面，许多炮眼组开始利用锥形或菱形掏槽，V形掏槽及一字形(直线)掏槽爆破，然后依次起爆周围(其它)炮孔。;The V-cut is generally located at the center of the face. One of explosives most widely used for blasting in underground work is ammon-dynamite. Locate 位于；ammon-dynamite硝铵炸药；emulsion explosive乳化炸药; V形掏槽一般位于工作面中心。地下矿山爆破工作中应用最广泛的炸药之一是硝铵炸药。 Modern mining practice indicates the short delay blasting is more and more widely used for breaking rocks. Indicate指出/预示/暗示/象征； the short delay blasting 毫秒延期爆破； 现代采矿实践中毫秒延期(微差)爆破越来越广泛地应用于爆破岩石。;Apart from the initial fracturing of the rock by the explosive, the fragmentation in delay blasting is further influenced by the time interval between the shots. An instantaneous blast caused all rock to move together. The difference between these two types of blasts is a delay period which results in a better fragmentation. Apart from除….以外； initial最初的； fragmentation爆炸/碎裂；fracture破裂/断面； instantaneous瞬时的/立即的；apparently显然/俨然； 除了炸药爆炸所造成的最初的破裂外，借助于炮眼间时间间隔形成的延期爆炸所引起地破碎进一步加强了，瞬时爆破导致所有的岩石一起抛掷，这两种爆破的区别是延迟时间，其能导致较好的破碎。;This delay period will apparently depend on three factors: the type of rock, the burden of the shot hole, the shot hole spacing. The optimum delay period is mainly influenced by the type of rock。 Optimum最佳条件/最适度；shot 爆破/炮眼；shot hole炮眼； 显然，延期时间取决于三个因素：岩石类型，炮眼的最小抵抗线，炮眼间距，最佳延期时间主要受岩石类型影响。;It is a common impression that the 15-to-25 milli