管理资讯系统与实务.pptVIP

管理資訊系統與實務 決策支援系統 Decision Support Systems 授課講師：洪新原 博士 E-Mail：syhung@.tw 簡介 Introduction to DSS A Brief History of DSS The concept of Decision Support has evolved from two main areas of research: (1) the theoretical studies of organizational decision-making done at the Carnegie Institute of Technology during the late 1950s and early 60s; (2) the technical work on interactive computer systems, mainly carried out at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in the 1960s. (Keen and Stabell, 1978) Management Decision Systems: Computer-Based Support for Decision Making (Scott Morton, 1971) “The Design of Man-Machine Decision Systems: An Application to Portfolio Management” (Gerrity, 1971) Management Information Systems: Conceptual Foundations, Structure, and Development, Chapter 1213 (Davis and Olson, 1974) A Brief History of DSS “Models and Managers: The Concept of a Decision Calculus” (Little, 1975) Decision Support Systems: An Organizational Perspective (Keen and Scott Morton, 1978) “Chief Executives Define Their Own Data Needs” (Rockert, 1979) Building Effective Decision Support Systems (Sprague and Carlson, 1982) Foundations of Decision Support Systems (Bonczek, Holsapple, and Whinston, 1981) In the middle and late 1980s, Executive Information Systems (EIS) and GDSS evolved from the single user and model-oriented DSS.Beginning in about 1990, datawarehousing and On-Line Analytical Processing (OLAP) began broading the realm of DSS Disciplines Relevant to DSS Computer Science (Database, Artificial Intelligence, Telecommunication, Software Engineering) Management Science Organizational Behavior Cognitive Science (Human-Computer Interaction) DSS的緣起 決策支援系統的緣起主要可以由資訊系統演進的推力及資料分析需求的拉力兩個觀點來觀察。一方面科技的進步，使得運用資訊來支援決策日益可行而且必要，另一方面因決策工作日益複雜多變，需要更精確而深入的分析才能作更有效的決策 DSS的定義 理論定義：DSS為互動式電腦系統，運用資料，模式分析、專家知識及其他資源，透過友善的人機互動，協助個人或團體決策者提昇半結構化決策的績效。 實務定義：DSS是建構在公司既有資訊系統之上的加值系統，以增加資訊投資的附加價值，提高決策績效。 DSS的特性 DSS應該協助而不取代決策者。 DSS的目標在提高決策的效果，而不只在提高效率。 DSS針對半結構化的問題提供支援。 DSS應支援各不同層次的決策者。 DSS應