炼油厂管式加热炉工艺设计汇.pdfVIP

摘 要 管式加热炉是炼厂主要的加热设备，也是主要的耗能设备之一。管式加热炉几 乎参与了石油加工各类工艺过程，是实现裂解、转化反应的主要设备，决定着整个 炼油厂或装置的产品质量及能耗等。在能源供需关系极度紧张的今天，通过合理地 设计、优化管式加热炉系统结构，不仅能够提高管式加热炉热效率、实现节能减排， 而且能够实现经济效益与社会效益的共赢。 本设计的管式加热炉应用于常减压工艺，综合给定的加热炉设计条件、设计要 求、加热炉可能出现的运行情况及经济效益等因素的限制，对所要设计的管式加热 炉的类型及设计方案进行优化筛选，最终选用两台辐射-对流型圆筒加热炉联合运行 方案。本设计方案的核心部分是管式加热炉的工艺计算，即：加热炉总热负荷计算、 燃料燃烧的计算、燃料用量和烟气流量计算、辐射段及对流段的热力计算及校核计 算、辐射室与对流室的结构尺寸计算、炉内压力计算、烟气阻力计算、烟囱理论最 低高度计算等。查阅管式加热炉节能方面的文献，该设计采用了半预混式瓦斯喷嘴、 声波吹灰器、陶质纤维炉墙结构，并选择螺杆膨胀机作为烟气余热再利用设备，这 不仅提高了辐射-对流型圆筒加热炉的综合热效率，还能够很好的做到节能减排。 关键词：常减压工艺；辐射—对流型加热炉；工艺计算；余热再利用 I Abstract Tube heating furnace is the main heating equipment in the refinery and one of the major energy-consuming equipment. Tube heating furnace is almost involved in various types of process of oil processing, and is the major equipment to achieve cleavage and conversion reaction, and determines the product quality and energy consumption of the entire refinery or device. In todays extremely tight energy supply-demand relationship, through rational design, and optimization of the structure of the tube heating furnace system, it can not only improve thermal efficiency of the tube heating furnace, achieve energy conservation, but also achieve win-win economic and social benefits. The tube heating furnace in this design is applied to the atmospheric-vacuum technology. In this paper, the given design conditions, design requirements and the possible operations that may arise and economic benefits and limiting factors are integrated to optimize and screen the type of the tube heating furnace to be designed and design proposals. The combined operation scheme of two sets of radiat