乌克兰的水污染：寻求可能的解决办法外文翻译精选.doc

乌克兰的水污染：寻求可能的解决办法外文翻译 Water Pollution in Ukraine: The Search for Possible Solutions NIKOLAI NAZAROV, HADRIAN F. COOK GRAHAM WOODGATE Agricultural Sciences, Imperial College at Wye, Kent, UK ABSTRACT In Ukraine, average and imum concentrations of certain pollutants in inland water bodies are unacceptably high, while the number of heavy pollution accidents one-out effluent discharges capable of causing health hazards is increasing. Meanwhile, the transition from a centrally planned to a free market economy is associated with severe economic downturn and a marked industrial decline. However, no comprehensive analyses related to issues linking water pollution and socio-economic situation during the period 1991?2003 have been done. It is considered unlikely that much can be achieved to improve water quality, at the state level, in the near future. Some improvement can be achieved through changes in the system of pollution control and in public attitude, as well as obtaining relevant expertise and funds from abroad Introduction This paper attempts to link water pollution issues with the socio-economic situation in Ukraine. The methodology involves an analysis of official statistics concerning surface water quality in Ukraine in terms of concentrations of certain pollutants and pollution accidents.1 Then consideration is given to relevant socio-economic issues and efficiency of pollution prevention in the country. The years emphasized in the analysis, 1993?1996, represent the initial period of rapidly worsening economic decline and de-industrialization following independence from the Soviet Union USSR in 1991. Between 1996 and 2000, patterns of surface water pollution changed little Ministry of Environmental Protection MEP, 2000. Since then, the country has been pursuing a course of political democratization and economic liberalization, which has brought about significant changes in state politics, the national economy and public welfare. Economic difficulties c