最新基于GPS技术的公路滑坡三维形变监测技术研究.doc

摘 要 本文首先阐述了公路滑坡地质灾害的成因及作用机理，对常规的滑坡变形监测方法进行了详细的分析，如沉降监测方法、地面水平位移监测方法、地面三维变形监测方法、数字摄影测量监测方法、测斜仪监测方法等。而GPS监测方法相比普通大地测量方法来说，具有诸多的优势，而且近年来GPS接收机和数据处理软件方面也取得了进一步发展，即GPS静态测量已经能够达到毫米级的精度，这给我们利用GPS进行滑坡监测提供了可能性。然后，论文通过研究几种常用的高程系统及其相互关系,从理论上论证了GPS所测得的大地高的变化同样可以反映滑坡体的垂直运动,得出了GPS定位技术可用于监测滑坡体垂直运动的结论。而且论文还从GPS滑坡监测网网形设计、数据采集与控制、数据处理等方面入手，结合铜黄高速公路滑坡监测的实际监测资料证明采用GPS进行公路滑坡监测能够满足其精度要求。最后论文针对当前GPS公路滑坡监测研究的现状展望GPS变形监测技术的发展趋势。 关键词：公路滑坡，变形监测，基线解算 Abstract This article discussed the causes of highway landslide in conventional and mechanism of deformation monitoring method of landslide are analyzed in detail. Such as subsidence monitoring method, ground level ground displacement monitoring method, the deformation monitoring method, the three-dimensional digital photo-grammetry monitoring methods, surveying slant meter monitoring method and so on. Comparing with general geodetic method, GPS has a great deal of advantage. GPS static measurement has already reached the precision of mm, along with the further development of GPS receiver and data processing software, which provides possibility for landslide monitoring using GPS.Then, the paper studies some commonly used vertical system and their relations, theoretically proved GPS measured the changes are also can reflect high vertical movement, landslide is obtained GPS technology can be used for monitoring of landslide vertical movement conclusion. And this paper also from GPS landslide monitoring network shape design, data acquisition and control, data processing, combined with copper yellow highway landslide monitoring actual monitoring data proved USES the GPS in highway landslide monitoring can meet its accuracy. Final dissertation in view of the current GPS highway landslide monitoring the status quo of the research prospect GPS deformation monitoring technology development trend. Key words: Highway-landslide, Deformation monitoring,Baseline decoding 目录 摘 要 1 Abstract 1 目录 3 1 绪论 5 1.1 国内外研究现状 5 1.2 选题的目的与意义 6 1.3 本文主要研究内容 7 2 公路滑坡简介 8 2