孟菲斯国际机场演习评价报告结论.pdf

孟菲斯国际机场演习评估报告 /arff/date/date-11.asp 返回首页 孟菲斯国际机场演习评估报告 结论 XI. CONCLUSIONS 结论 Preface 前言 　　It should be noted that most airplane crashes occur during takeoffs and landings. Although takeoff, initial climb, approach, and landing account for only 18 percent of flight time, they account for 79.9 percent of all accidents. Accidents occurring during takeoff and landing generally occur at slower speeds and gentler angle of attacks. A review of 60NTSB reports of survivable aviation accidents from 1970 to 1995 shows that the survival rate was better than 16 survivors for every person killed. 　　 值得注意的是绝大多数的飞机失事均发生在飞机起飞和降落的时候。尽管起飞、爬升、进近 和降落总共只占整个飞行时间的18%，但他们却是造成飞机失事的79.9%的原因所在。发生在飞机起 降时的飞机失事通常是在较低速度下，并且有着较为平缓的撞击角度。对于1970到1995年发生的幸 存航空事故的60份国家交通安全委员会报告显示幸存比率高于，每1人死亡中有16人幸存。 　　Every accident scene is different creating individual hazards. However, often during the takeoffs and landings, an aircraft is operating at approximate speeds of 150 mph or less. As an aircraft contacts the ground abnormally, fuel tanks are likely to rupture, spilling thousands of gallons of flammable aviation fuel. In most cases fuel ignites from sparks. An intense inferno, reaching temperatures of 2500F will quickly engulf the aircraft. In approximately 1 minute at those temperatures the aircraft skin will be breached. In two to three minutes the inside temperature reaches 1800F. During the sa