自适应PID控制器的设计及仿真说明书P59.docVIP

摘 要 PID控制器是最早发展起来的控制策略之一，由于其算法简单、鲁棒性好和可靠性高和可靠性高，被广泛应用于工业过程控制。PID控制器提供了反馈控制，通过比例环节成比例的反应偏差信号，加快系统响应速度，提高系统的调节精度，通过积分作用反应并消除系统的稳态误差，通过微分作用预测未来偏差信号的变化趋势，改善系统动态特性。本文将模糊控制器和PID控制器结合在一起,利用模糊逻辑控制实现了PID控制器参数在线自调整,进一步完善了PID控制器的性能,提高了系统的控制精度。并把MATLAB中的Fuzzy Toolbox和SIMULINK有机结合起来,方便的实现了该自适应模糊PID控制系统的计算机仿真,拓宽了Fuzzy Toolbox和SIMULINK的应用范围。仿真结果表明：模糊PID参数自整定控制较常规PID控制具有较小的超调量和较短的调节时间，以及较好的动态响应特性和稳态特性。 关键词：模糊控制；PID控制器；MATLAB；SIMULINK；系统仿真。 Abstract PID controller is one of the first developed one of the control strategy, because of its algorithm is simple, robust and reliable and high reliability, are widely used in industrial process control. PID controller provides a feedback control through the proportional response bias signal of the aspect ratio,to speed up response time, improve the accuracy of regulation; through integral role to response to the steady-state system and eliminate errors, through differential role to predict the changes in trends of signal deviation in future;improve dynamic characteristics of the system.The using of Fuzzy logic controller makes the parameter’s self-adaption of PID controller possible when Fuzzy logic controller and PID controller are combined together. It also perfects the properties of PID controller and improves the precision of control system.The organic combination of Fuzzy Toolbox and SIMULINK realized the computer simulation of this self-adaptive Fuzzy PID control system conveniently,and also promotes the application of MATLAB.The simulation results show that,compared with ordinary PID control, fuzzy PID parameters of self-tuning control have smaller over shoot ,shorter regulation time and better dynamic response characteristics. Keywords: Fuzzy Logic control;PID controller;MATLAB;SIMULINK;System simulation. 目 录 绪论 1 1 MATLAB/Simlink简介 2 1.1 Matlab 2 1.1.1 Matlab概述 2 1.1.2 Matlab特点 2 1.1.3 Matlab窗口 3 1.2 Simulink 5 1.2.1 Simulink概述 5 1.2.2 Simulink操作 5 2 模糊控制 10 2.1 模糊控制基本原理 10 2.2 模糊控制器设计 10 2.2.1 结构设计 10 2.2.2 论域及量化因子确