气动调节阀粘滞特性的建模与参数辨识-控制理论与控制工程专业论文.docxVIP

摘要气动调节阀安装在工业现场，由于常年和生产介质接触，且工作在高温高压、强腐 蚀等恶劣环境下，经常会出现各种异常和故障，如随着工作时间的加长，气动调节阀容 易出现死区、回滞、粘滞等非线性特征。这些非线性因素都将在不同程度上影响控制回 路的性能，其中以粘滞特性最为常见。气动调节阀粘滞特性引起的持续振荡会导致能耗 增加，产品质量下降，设备寿命降低等问题。本文将对气动调节阀粘滞特性的建模和参 数辨识进行研究，主要贡献如下：1、提出一种描述调节阀粘滞特性的改进模型，并仿真验证了改进的合理性。选择 被广泛使用的信号跟随能力较强的 He 粘滞模型来研究，发现 He 粘滞模型在实际运行 中存在缺陷，对 He 粘滞模型的描述算法进行改进。基于改进后的 He 粘滞模型，搭建 仿真平台，将其仿真结果与对应的物理模型仿真结果进行对比，证明改进后 He 粘滞模 型是合理、有效的。2、提出了一种基于描述函数法（DF）的粘滞参数辨识算法，仿真验证了辨识算法 的有效性。传统的粘滞参数辨识方案存在计算量较大，精度较低等现象，针对这些问题， 利用描述函数法对调节阀的粘滞特性进行分析，并建立对应的数学模型，缩小粘滞参数 的寻优范围，通过构造目标函数，采用逐次逼近基准点的原则设计算法求得最优解，并 计算得到对应的粘滞参数，通过对多组不同粘滞模型进行粘滞参数计算，证明 DF 参数 辨识法是准确、有效的。3、以双容水箱液位控制系统作为本文的实验平台，验证 DF 参数辨识能否有效应用 于实际工业中。搭建实验系统平台，人为制造调节阀粘滞现象并通过智能阀门定位器准 确获取粘滞参数，基于实际的系统运行实验数据，采用 DF 参数辨识法测得调节阀粘滞 参数估计值。对比结果表明，DF 参数辨识法比较准确。关键词：气动调节阀，粘滞特性，参数辨识，描述函数法，PIDABSTRACTDue to years of contact with production medium and working in harsh environment such as high temperature, high pressure and strong corrosion, pneumatic control valve which is installed in the industrial field, often appears all sorts of abnormal and failure. As working time accumulates, pneumatic control valve is more likely to appear some nonlinear characteristics such as dead zone, hysteresis and stiction. The nonlinear factors will influence the performance of the control circuit to some degree, and the most common phenomenon is stiction. Sustained oscillation which is caused by stiction of pneumatic control valve can lead to increase energy consumption, affect the product quality, and accelerate the equipment weariness. This paper will do research into the modeling and quantification of valve stiction. The main research contents are as follows:This paper puts forward an improved stiction model of control valve, and validates the rationality of the improvement with simulation. Choose He stiction model which is widely used and has strong tracking ability to study, find the defect of He stiction model in the actual operation, and improves the algorithm of He stiction model. Based on the improved He stictio